On March 11, the World Health Organization officially classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, indicating that every location is likely to be affected, though the exact timing and impact cannot be predicted. Non-essential international and domestic travel should be deferred due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global logistical environment, healthcare systems in all locations, the global economy, the potential for second-order security issues in the short, medium and longer term, as well as the risk of infection with COVID-19. A new virus, SARS-CoV-2, is the cause of COVID-19 disease. The WHO is still learning about the virus and the illness it causes. The disease is spreading from person to person, through contact with infected respiratory droplets. The disease is a mild illness for most; however, it can be severe or fatal to high risk groups.
For more information on confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally, refer to the latest Situation Report on the World Health Organization (WHO) website by clicking here. For more general information on the outbreak and WHO’s response, click here.
TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS IMPLEMENTED WORLDWIDE
Authorities in several countries have introduced travel restrictions and health screening measures at various airports amid the COVID-19 outbreak. While measures initially applied primarily to travelers arriving either directly or indirectly from China, some countries have now extended restrictions to travelers from high risk areas around the world. Meanwhile, some airlines have temporarily suspended flight operations. Travelers should anticipate related disruption at airports and reconfirm their itineraries, as well as the overall feasibility of their journeys, given the increased restrictions.
Countries around the world are implementing entry restrictions in an effort to contain the spread of COVID-19. For the most upto-date information on current entry restrictions, please visit IATA’s “Government Measures Related to Coronavirus (COVID19)” website by clicking here.
FROSCH TRAVEL RESOURCES
- US Travel Advisories
- Screening Measures & Travel Restrictions
- About COVID-19
- Symptoms & Treatment
- Prevention Tips
AMERICAS
UNITED STATES
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports widespread community transmission in the majority of US states. Symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Health authorities have implemented protocols for isolation, quarantine, testing, and managing people who may have been exposed to the virus. To prevent infection, travelers should pay attention to hygiene, wash their hands frequently, avoid touching their face, and avoid close contact with other people.
Travelers in or planning essential travel to the US should anticipate disruption and consider the implications for incountry and onward journeys from COVID-19-related restrictions. A national State of Emergency is in place. The government has imposed travel restrictions, and most states have imposed significant restrictions on businesses, gatherings, and internal movement. Governors in several states have recommended individuals wear facemasks in public. The closure of non-essential businesses in New York has been extended through May 15. Other states in the region are expected to announce similar extensions, though some states have begun to allow some previously-closed businesses to reopen. Travelers should consult the National Governors Association website for information regarding state-level mandates. The closure of several large meat processing facilities may lead to local shortages of certain meat products, although such shortages are not likely to persist on a widespread basis in the long-term.
Travelers should reconfirm their itineraries and be prepared for short-notice changes to entry restrictions linked to the COVID-19 outbreak. All entry for non-US Nationals who have been in the UK or Ireland at any point in the past 14 days before arrival in the US is suspended. The same restrictions are in place for travelers who have been in Europe’s Schengen Area, including Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. Non-US citizens or permanent residents transiting through or laying over in a Schengen country, the UK or Ireland, will be temporarily denied entry to the US. Meanwhile, US Nationals and permanent residents arriving in the US after traveling from or through China, Iran, Schengen Area countries, the UK or Ireland should expect heightened screening measures and must stay home for 14 days after their return.
Travelers arriving to the US after traveling from or through China or Iran should also expect heightened screening measures for COVID-19 and related disruption. All flights from China are being re-routed through 11 airports, while additional entry restrictions for travelers from China and Iran remain in effect. The states of Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania have asked those returning from travel to China, Iran, Italy, and South Korea to self-isolate for 14 days.
On March 18, the US and Canadian governments announced that the border between the two countries will be closed to non-essential travel (i.e., recreation and tourism) to slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus. It is unclear when the measure will take effect or how long it will last. Essential travel and supplies will be permitted. Canada had previously indefinitely closed its borders to all travelers, except Canadian nationals and their immediate family members, residents, accredited diplomats, air crew, and US citizens.
President Donald Trump has announced the suspension of most permanent immigration to the country through June 22. Beginning at 11:59 PM EDT on April 23, US Consular offices will suspend the issuance of new permanent entry visas for persons outside the US who do not have an immigrant visa valid on the effective date of the proclamation or another official travel document. Exceptions are in place for lawful permanent residents, direct relatives of US citizens, and members of certain professions. The order does not apply to temporary visa holders. Travelers should reconfirm their documentation prior to planning travel and monitor the status of the order, which may be extended.
On March 19, the US Department of State issued a Level 4 “Do Not Travel” advisory (highest level on a four-tier scale) recommending that its citizens avoid all international travel. US citizens abroad are advised to either arrange for an immediate return to the US or make preparations to remain outside the country for an extended period of time. This comes amid the COVID-19 pandemic and related disruption.
Further suspension and reduction of services by Amtrak can be expected in the coming days due to reduced demand amid the COVID-19 outbreak. The non-stop Acela service between Washington DC and New York City is suspended through May 26. Trains between New York and both Pittsburgh and Harrisburg, PA, as well as those between Chicago and Grand Rapids, MI, have been canceled until further notice. Travelers should arrange alternative transportation. Those traveling elsewhere via Amtrak should reconfirm schedules due to the potential for disruption.
Travelers should anticipate and avoid further demonstrations against lockdown measures amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Protests demanding that authorities lift restrictions on mobility and reopen non-essential businesses have recently occurred, particularly in front of state capitol buildings in some urban centers. While these have been small and passed off peacefully, local disruption was reported in several areas.
REGIONAL
On May 1, travelers in major urban centers should avoid gatherings associated with International Labor Day (also known as May Day). Although most gatherings this year have been cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and government measures restricting gatherings, unauthorized gatherings by activists remain possible. Activists and labor groups in San Juan, Puerto Rico and Valparaiso, Chile plan to hold anti-government protests marking the occasion, despite restrictions. As most such events have been banned, any unauthorized gatherings are liable to be forcibly dispersed by security forces. Travelers should exercise caution and follow all official directives.
ANGUILLA
Travelers should continue to defer travel to Anguilla due to ongoing restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Air and seaports are closed; cargo operations are exempt. Citizens entering Anguilla from outside the Caribbean will be quarantined for 14 days upon arrival; this could be at a government-run health facility or at the individual’s residence, subject to the assessment of a healthcare professional. A nationwide lockdown has been extended until May 12; infractions are subject to fines and imprisonment. Gatherings of more than five people are prohibited, and outdoor recreational activities are restricted from 5:00 AM to 6:00 PM local time.
ANTIGUA & BARBUDA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid stringent COVID-19-related restrictions. All ports of entry are closed until further notice; cargo operations are exempt. A nationwide 24-hour curfew is in effect until May 14. Non-essential facilities, including recreational and religious establishments, remain closed. Non-essential workers are not permitted to leave their residences, except for buying food and emergency supplies. Gatherings of more than two people are prohibited, and the wearing of face masks is mandatory in public spaces. Violations of these restrictions may be punishable by fine and/or imprisonment.
ARGENTINA
Travelers should defer all travel to Argentina due to COVID-19-related restrictions. The country’s land and sea borders remain closed to foreign visitors until May 10. Domestic and international commercial flights are suspended until September 1. Citizens and residents are allowed to enter the country; however, they must self-isolate for a period of 14 days on arrival. Although there are no restrictions on outbound travel, flights have been severely limited. A nationwide lockdown that only permits residents to leave their homes for essential purposes has been extended to May 10. Those in Catamarca, Chaco, Jujuy, La Rioja, Misiones, Salta, and Santiago del Estero provinces are required to use face masks while in public.
ARUBA
Travelers should defer all travel to Aruba until at least May 31 due to stringent travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. All travelers, including residents, are prohibited from entering the island. A shelter-in-place has been implemented, which prohibits all individuals from leaving their home, with the exception of the procurement of food and medicine or to exercise. All non-essential businesses are ordered to close, and gatherings of more than four people are banned. The mandatory curfew remains in effect from 9:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time. Violators of any of the above restrictions may be arrested and/or fined.
BAHAMAS
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the Bahamas due to COVID-19-related restrictions. The State of Emergency has been extended until May 30. The countrywide lockdown remains in effect every weekend from Friday at 9:00 PM local time until Monday at 5:00 AM local time. Effective April 20, a 24-hour curfew remains in effect from Monday at 5:00 AM local time until Friday at 9:00 PM local time. During lockdowns, only essential workers are permitted to leave their residence under specific guidelines. International commercial and private charter flights are extremely limited.
BARBADOS
Non-essential travel to Barbados should be deferred through May 3 amid stringent COVID-19-related restrictions. All travelers entering the country are required to undergo a 14-day quarantine at a government health facility. A 24-hour nationwide curfew is also in effect through May 3. All non-essential businesses remain closed, with a few authorized exceptions open for limited hours. Residents are allowed to shop for essential needs two days a week between 8:00 AM and 11:00 AM or 1:00 PM and 4:00 PM local time based on their surname. Police are assisting in the enforcement of the curfew, violations of which are punishable by fine and/or up to a year in prison.
BELIZE
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Belize due to ongoing air, land, and sea border closures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide lockdown remains in effect until further notice. A State of Emergency has been extended for another 60 days, until at least June 29. Philip S W Goldson International Airport (BZE), which serves Belize City, remains closed. Facemasks are mandatory while in public spaces.
BERMUDA
Travelers should defer travel to Bermuda amid COVID-19-related restrictions. Commercial flights via LF Wade International Airport (BDA), the only airport serving passenger flights, are suspended until at least May 1. Cargo flights and those carrying essential goods and medical supplies are still operational. Additionally, a shelter-in-place order will be enforced from 6:00 AM local time on April 4 until May 2. Only essential services, including medical facilities, grocery stores and pharmacies, will be open during this time. All residents, aside from essential personnel, are asked to stay in their homes.
BOLIVIA
Travelers should exercise caution and follow all official directives amid the COVID-19 pandemic. All inbound/outbound international travel remains banned amid a nationwide State of Health Emergency. A quarantine and curfew are also in force throughout the country until at least May 10. The military has been deployed to enforce containment measures in highly affected areas, where enhanced restrictions are currently in effect. Poor health infrastructure, inadequate enforcement mechanisms, and a slowing economy are likely to contribute to a deterioration in Bolivia’s security environment by spurring unrest and a potential increase in crime.
BRAZIL
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid an ongoing ban on the entry of foreign travelers by air until May 28 and by sea until May 24; however, this measure does not apply to Brazilian nationals, permanent residents, humanitarian aid workers and foreign officials, among others. While there are no restrictions on outbound travel during this period, commercial flight options will likely be limited. Ongoing land border closures remain in place until May 2, except border with Uruguay, which is closed until May 20.
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
All travel to the British Virgin Islands should be deferred due to a nationwide curfew in effect from 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time for all businesses and services through at least May 7. Only essential workers are allowed to travel to and from work. Arrests will be made for any violation to these regulations. Additionally, through May 7, any nonresidents who are not currently in British Virgin Islands will be prohibited from entering the territory.
CANADA
All travel to Canada should be deferred due to restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Canadian and US governments have closed their mutual border to non-essential travel through May 20; however, essential travel and freight transportation is permitted. Canada has indefinitely closed its borders to international travelers, with some exemptions. Those allowed entry, including Canadian Nationals and residents, will be required to self-quarantine for 14 days. All travelers have to present an adequate quarantine plan upon arrival. Those unable to do so will be required to self-isolate in a set location, such as a hotel room, for 14 days.
Travelers in Canada in the coming weeks should exercise caution and follow all official directives amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Federal and provincial authorities have instituted restrictions to travel, business operations, and gatherings. Crime rates have generally decreased due to ongoing lockdowns; however, potential reduced staffing of emergency personnel and rising unemployment due to the outbreak may result in an uptick in property and domestic crime. Supply chain disruption linked to the closure of businesses and transport restrictions may lead to shortages of goods. Xenophobic harassment and attacks, especially targeting people of Asian descent, are also concerns as the crisis continues.
On May 2, travelers in Canada should anticipate demonstrations against lockdown measures linked to the COVID-19 pandemic and plan journeys accordingly. The events, which are due to take place in main cities, follow recent protests demanding that authorities lift restrictions on mobility and reopen non-essential businesses. While such rallies have thus far remained small and passed off peacefully, local disruption has been reported.
CAYMAN ISLANDS
Owen Roberts (GCM) and Captain Charles Kirkconnell (CYB) international airports remain closed, and only returning residents are allowed entry to the Cayman Islands as part of an effort to contain the spread of COVID-19. Interisland flights are still operational, though flights from Grand Cayman to Cayman Brac and Little Cayman islands are limited to essential personnel and residents. A “soft” curfew is in effect, prohibiting all non-essential movement on the islands, between 5:01 AM and 7:00 PM local time. Residents and travelers with last names that begin with the letters A through K have a soft curfew in effect on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; residents and travelers with last names that begin with the letters L through Z have a soft curfew in effect on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the territory during this period and follow all official directives.
CHILE
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. The country’s borders are closed to foreign travelers until further notice. Citizens and permanent residents are still allowed to enter. Outbound travel remains unrestricted, though commercial flight options have greatly reduced. A State of Emergency is in place until at least June 16, while a curfew is in effect daily from 10:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Additional internal restrictions have been implemented, including in Santiago.
COLOMBIA
All travel to Colombia should be deferred amid stringent restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide health emergency is in place through May 30. During this period, land and sea borders are closed, while all international flights are also suspended. Travelers in country should abide by all official directives during a nationwide quarantine through May 11.
COSTA RICA
All travel to Costa Rica should be deferred due to stringent COVID-19-related restrictions. Foreign nationals and non-residents are barred entry at all air, sea, and land ports through May 15. Returning Costa Rican Nationals or residents must undergo a 14-day quarantine. There are currently no restrictions on departing the country, though most international flights, including to the US, have been canceled. A nightly vehicle curfew is in effect from 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time through May 15. Vehicle journeys are permitted only on certain days according to license plate numbers. All non-essential businesses must remain closed until further notice.
CUBA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Cuba due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Effective April 2, all flights to and from Cuba will be suspended indefinitely. Commercial cargo will be unaffected. All foreign travelers, including Cuban nationals who reside permanently abroad, are barred from entering the country; those currently in Cuba are allowed to exit. Travelers seeking to depart should contact their respective embassy for information on possible repatriation flights. Those planning to stay in Cuba should continue to follow official directives.
DOMINICA
Travelers should defer all travel to Dominica due to COVID-19-related measures, including the closure of Douglas Charles Airport (DOM). Canefield Airport (DCF) is also closed to incoming passenger flights. These measures effectively restrict entry to the country until further notice. While there are currently no official restrictions on individuals seeking to depart the country, viable options are extremely limited. A nightly curfew is in place from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time, and a weekend curfew is in place from 6:00 PM on Friday until 6:00 AM on Monday. These measures are due to remain in place until May 11.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
All travel to the Dominican Republic should be deferred due to COVID-19-related restrictions. The country’s borders remain closed to foreign visitors through May 4; commercial flights to and from the country have been suspended. The ongoing nationwide curfew from 5:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time has been extended through April 30. Residents are advised to stay home except for essential purposes. All non-essential businesses have been closed. While the country has not seen an increase in crime or unrest thus far, further extensions of restrictions could prompt protests and looting, and a strict police response.
ECUADOR
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Ecuador, where air, land and sea borders will remain closed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic until at least April 30. Entry is prohibited to all foreign travelers; as of April 21, Ecuadorian officials had resumed organizing humanitarian flights to repatriate citizens stranded abroad. International, domestic, and interstate travel remains suspended. The country also remains under a State of Emergency with a nightly curfew from 2:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Private traffic is permitted on certain weekdays, based on the last number of a vehicle’s license plate, but is strictly prohibited on weekends. Some internal restrictions may be gradually loosened by province beginning May 4.
Travelers in Ecuador should exercise caution following an increase in cargo thefts amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The National Federation of Heavy Transport of Ecuador has reported that after local travel restrictions were implemented, there has been an increase in armed robberies of cargo trucks with at least 30 robberies, targeting logistic vehicles transporting supplies, recorded on average a week across the country. The incidents are reflective of security challenges amid pandemic-related restrictions, as criminal elements diversify from typical high-impact crimes to offset their economic losses linked to the pandemic.
EL SALVADOR
Travelers should defer all travel to El Salvador due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide lockdown and State of Emergency is in effect until at least May 16. The measures will be enforced by security personnel, only permitting citizens to leave their homes for essential purposes. All foreign nationals have been barred entry to the country. El Salvadorians arriving from Asia, Europe or the US will undergo mandatory quarantine at a military base for 30 days. A State of Emergency has been in place since March 17.
GRENADA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid an ongoing closure of all airports in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Grenadian nationals, residents, and other permitted nationals who recently arrived must complete a 14-day self-quarantine. Cruise ship passengers are prohibited from disembarking until further notice. A nationwide 24-hour curfew is in place until 7:00 AM local time on May 5; however, residents are permitted to leave their homes between 5:00 AM and 6:00 PM local time on “designated business days” (Monday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday) for essential purposes, such as buying food or medicine. Face masks must be worn in public. Travelers should follow all official directives.
GUATEMALA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Guatemala due to ongoing border closures to foreign nationals as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. A countrywide curfew is in place from 6:00 PM to 4:00 AM local time until at least May 3. Going out is permitted only for essential purposes, and sanitary masks must be worn in public. Those found without masks risk incurring extreme fines. All inter-departmental travel is banned, and public transport is suspended until further notice. Restrictions on cargo transport also apply. Guatemalan nationals, residents, and diplomats can still enter the country via land crossings, but are subject to mandatory self-quarantine.
GUYANA
All travel to Guyana should be deferred after authorities extended a partial shutdown of the country’s airports amid the COVID-19 pandemic. No inbound international flights are being permitted at this time. While outbound international flights remain unrestricted, flight availability is severely limited. A curfew is in effect between 6:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time through May 3; all non-essential businesses are closed. Hospitals, healthcare and medical facilities are exempt from this closure. In Georgetown, gatherings exceeding five persons are prohibited. Travelers wishing to depart Guyana should check with their respective embassy or diplomatic mission.
HAITI
All travel to Haiti, where restrictions are in place in response to the global COVID-19 outbreak, should be deferred. All the country’s ports, airports, and borders have been closed indefinitely since March 21, with the exception of shipping traffic; however, a repatriation flight for US citizens is being organized by the US Embassy. A nationwide curfew is in force from 8:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time, while educational institutions, places of worship and industrial parks are closed, and gatherings of more than ten people are banned. Beginning April 6, interdepartmental travel is banned.
Travelers should exercise caution and follow all official directives amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Incidents of crime and unrest have continued despite restrictions on mobility. The country’s security environment is likely to further deteriorate as the outbreak progresses due to pre-existing socio-economic issues, including high crime rates and shortages of basic goods. The lack of infrastructure, medical supplies, and running water in rural areas has caused unrest, and additional related protests may occur.
HONDURAS
All travel to Honduras should be deferred amid tight COVID-19-related restrictions. A curfew is in effect through May 3 in most areas; however, in Colon, Cortes and Yoro departments, a full lockdown measure has been extended through May 1. Across much of the country, residents can only go out for essential shopping from 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM local time, and only on designated weekdays based on their individual identity document’s last digit. The country’s borders are closed to all but cargo, and most foreigners are barred entry to Honduras until further notice; however, Tegucigalpa’s Toncontin (TGU) and La Mesa (SAP) international airports have temporarily reopened for relief flights for nationals, residents, and diplomats.
JAMAICA
Travel to Jamaica, where restrictions are in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, should be deferred. All air and seaports will remain closed to incoming passengers through May 31. Outgoing and cargo flights continue to operate, but flight availability is likely to be very limited. The ongoing nationwide curfew will be adjusted from April 22 to May 6 between 6:00 AM and 6:00 PM local time. Gatherings of more than ten people are prohibited, while all persons aged 75 years or over are to remain at home. The government has also made the wearing of masks mandatory in public spaces, including on public transportation.
MEXICO
Travelers should continue to defer non-essential travel to Mexico amid COVID-19-related restrictions. The USMexico land border is closed to non-essential travel until at least May 20. Meanwhile, several internal restrictions are in place until at least May 30 as part of the government’s “Health Emergency Declaration.” Additional measures have been implemented in some states and municipalities. Although there is currently no complete ban on entry to Mexico, foreign travelers should closely monitor the situation, as such restrictions may be implemented with little or no notice.
MONTSERRAT
All travel to Montserrat should be deferred due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. All foreigners are indefinitely banned from entering the territory. Citizens and residents of Montserrat, their immediate family members, and flight crew members are still allowed entry. All arrivals to Montserrat must self-isolate for 14 days upon entry. A 24-hour curfew that went into effect on March 28 permits essential movement under specific guidelines. Travelers in country are advised to follow all official directives issued by authorities.
NICARAGUA
Non-essential travel to Nicaragua should be deferred, as flights to and from the country have been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Nicaragua has not announced significant entry restrictions or closed its borders, flights have been suspended.
PANAMA
In the coming weeks, travelers in Panama should exercise caution and follow all official directives amid the COVID19 pandemic. The government has imposed nationwide stay-at-home orders, allowing only one member of each household to leave for two hours per day to obtain essential supplies. These restrictions have sparked unrest due to economic concerns. Related instances of looting and vandalism have also been reported and are likely to persist during the lockdown. Some residents have set up roadblocks on highways, and staged protests demanding financial assistance and additional resources, such as food and hygiene products, from the government.
Travelers in Panama are reminded of the increased risks posed by protests and crime during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Demonstrators demanding government assistance during the crisis blocked portions of the Panama-Colon Highway in Colon province on April 29. On March 28, protesters from Santa Cruz and Curundu forcibly entered a small business to steal essential goods; separately, demonstrators threw bottles at security forces and attempted to vandalize a local supermarket on the day.
PARAGUAY
All international commercial and private flight operations are cancelled through at least May 4. Paraguayan nationals, residents and accredited diplomatic personnel are permitted to enter the country; however, they are subject to mandatory 14-day quarantine in military barracks. A curfew is in place from 8:00 PM to 4:00 AM local time every night, with exceptions for people doing “vital work,” delivering food or working in the transportation industry. Nonresidents should defer travel to Paraguay while the measures are in place.
PERU
All travel to Peru should be deferred amid ongoing restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have extended a nationwide State of Emergency through May 10, mandating all residents to remain in quarantine and abide by curfews. Only one member per household is allowed to leave each day for essential purposes, such as the purchase of food or medicine. Essential businesses are open Monday through Saturday from 7:00 AM to 5:45 PM local time. No one is permitted to leave their homes on Sundays.
PUERTO RICO
Travelers should defer all travel to Puerto Rico due to enhanced restrictions linked to the COVID-19 outbreak. Since March 25, all commercial flights to the island arrive only at San Juan’s Luis Munoz Marin International Airport (LMM). An increasing number of airlines have cancelled or reduced flights to the island. Puerto Rico remains subject to the international entry restrictions in place for mainland US. Visitors will be screened at the airport and will be asked to self-quarantine for two weeks.
ST. KITTS & NEVIS
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to St Kitts and Nevis due to COVID-19-related restrictions. On April 17, the government voted to extend the ongoing State of Emergency for six months. Authorities are intermittently lifting curfew restrictions and permitting businesses to operate on a limited basis. Travelers in-country should follow all official directives and monitor the local media for related information. Non-essential travel remains prohibited during curfew hours.
ST. LUCIA
Travelers should continue to defer travel to St Lucia until at least May 31 after a COVID-19-related State of Emergency was extended. Airports and seaports are closed to all incoming commercial and private flights and vessels. While there are no restrictions on outbound travel, flight availability is limited. In-country travelers should continue to follow official directives during this time, including a nightly curfew from 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. A partial shutdown remains in place for most non-essential services; however, essential services such as grocery stores and pharmacies are operational.
ST. MAARTEN
All foreign travelers who have been to China, Germany, Hong Kong, Iran, Italy, Japan, Macao, Singapore, South Korea or Spain in the past 21 days are barred from entry to St. Maarten. Nationals of the Netherlands are exempt. There are currently no known restrictions on individuals seeking to depart the country.
SURINAME
Travelers should defer all travel to Suriname due to stringent COVID-19-related restrictions, which have been extended until at least May 8. The country’s land borders, ferry crossings, and seaports are closed, and all inbound/outbound international flights are suspended. The government has banned all gatherings exceeding ten people. A strict nighttime curfew from 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time is also in effect. Anyone found outside their homes without necessity during these hours is at risk of being detained by authorities until the curfew has ended. Travelers still in-country should follow all official directives.
TRINIDAD & TOBAGO
Travel to Trinidad and Tobago should be deferred following the government’s announcement that it plans to close the country’s borders amid the global COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities announced that all inbound international traffic to airports and seaports would cease. The government has not announced when travel may resume. There are no restrictions on outgoing passenger and domestic air and maritime travel, but availability is likely to be limited.
URUGUAY
All travel to Uruguay should be deferred following the imposition of restrictions linked to the global COVID-19 pandemic. All inbound and outbound commercial flights are suspended. Air, land, and sea borders with Argentina and Brazil have been closed to foreign nationals until further notice, though Uruguayan Nationals and permanent residents will be permitted entry, while humanitarian and cargo traffic will continue. The Ministry of Public Health has advised travelers in country to self-quarantine and ordered a mandatory self-quarantine for those aged 65 and older. The government has recommended that all non-essential businesses close and suspended public events until further notice.
US VIRGIN ISLANDS
Travelers should defer travel to the US Virgin Islands following the imposition of restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-residents will be denied entry to the islands. Residents are allowed to travel to/from the islands but may be asked to self-isolate or undergo COVID-19 testing upon arrival. Authorities have ordered all nonessential business to close and all residents to stay in their homes, with the exception of emergency personnel.
VENEZUELA
Travelers in Venezuela should exercise caution and follow all official directives amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Security forces are enforcing restrictions associated with a nationwide lockdown, such as stay-at-home orders and bans on vehicular interstate travel. Military checkpoints have been reported at entrances to Caracas. Multiple states have seen violent protests over shortages of basic goods, including food and gasoline.
AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST
REGIONAL
The Horn of Africa will face a number of interconnected risks stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. An infestation of desert locusts has been plaguing the region for months and is projected to intensify in May and June, wiping out harvests during a key period. Food insecurity and poverty will increase amid the already devastating pandemic, as closed borders drive up food prices and essential goods become unavailable. The risk from terrorism, particularly in Somalia, will continue to remain steady, as the al-Shabab extremist group has conducted multiple attacks in recent weeks. Crime in urban areas and communal violence amongst rural communities will also increase over the next several months.
Travelers across the Middle East and North Africa should anticipate disruption and respect cultural sensitivities during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan from April 23 to May 23. Observant Muslims abstain from eating, drinking and smoking during daylight hours, while businesses often reduce working hours or operate only after Iftar, the evening meal that breaks the daily fast. Although COVID-19-linked restrictions will lower the potential for public gatherings, travelers should also be aware of the increased risk of road traffic accidents, opportunistic crime, and attacks by Islamist extremist groups during this period.
Travelers in Chad and Niger should monitor developments and anticipate an increased risk of unrest as strict COVID19-related measures are implemented. Violent protests, such as the one in Niamey, Niger on April 17 against curfews, movement restrictions and bans on gathering, are likely to grow over the coming days. Such unrest is likely to be pronounced during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan (April 23 – May 23). In turn, extremist Islamist groups operating in the region will also take advantage of the current situation to increase the frequency and severity of their attacks.
ALGERIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Algeria, despite the partial relaxation of COVID-19-related restrictions. The total lockdown of Blida has been replaced by a curfew from 2:00 PM to 7:00 AM local time. In Algiers and eight other provinces, the curfew hours have been reduced to 5:00 PM to 7:00 AM local time. “Partial containment” measures remain across the rest of the country, including a nightly curfew from 7:00 PM to 7:00 AM. All air, land, and maritime borders remain closed, and domestic flights are suspended until further notice. Travelers already in the country should follow all local movement restrictions.
ANGOLA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Angola, where stringent restrictions have been imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. All international flights are suspended, and the country’s land and sea borders are closed. President Joao Lourenco has extended a related State of Emergency, under which internal movement has been restricted, until at least May 15. Members of the public have been asked to remain indoors, except in emergencies or for the purchase of essential supplies. In-country travelers should follow all official directives.
BAHRAIN
Travelers should continue to defer non-essential journeys to Bahrain until further notice due to restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have suspended visa-on-arrival services for all nationalities and have limited entry to Bahraini citizens and foreigners holding valid residency permits, with some exceptions. National carrier Gulf Air has resumed transit flights through Bahrain International Airport (BAH), connecting Frankfurt Airport (FRA), London Heathrow Airport (LHR), and Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (CGD) with Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL). All other flights remain suspended until further notice. Travelers should contact the relevant airline for entryand flight-specific information.
BOTSWANA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Botswana, where enhanced restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic are in force. On April 9, the government extended the national State of Emergency for six months. Under the State of Emergency, the nationwide lockdown will now be in place until further notice. All borders will remain closed, though essential goods are still allowed across. There are currently no commercial flights to or from Botswana. Citizens or residents returning to Botswana must undergo 14 days of quarantine. All current visas to enter Botswana have been cancelled, except for holders who are already in-country.
BRUNEI
All travel to Brunei should be deferred following an order by authorities to prohibit all foreign travelers from entering or transiting through the country. All air, land and sea entry ports will be closed, and visitor, student and dependent visas have been suspended. Citizens, permanent residents, and foreigners traveling for special purposes are exempt from the measure. All exempt travelers are required to undergo 14 days of self-isolation at a designated monitoring center or, under specific conditions, self-quarantine at home.
BURKINA FASO
All travel to Burkina Faso should be deferred due to rigid travel restrictions amid the global COVID-19 outbreak. All international travel via air, land, and rail is suspended; however, internal flights continue. A nationwide curfew is being observed nightly from 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time until further notice, while travel to and from cities with confirmed COVID-19 cases, including Ouagadougou, is suspended. Burkina Faso has reported a number of highprofile cases of the virus, including senior members of government.
CAMEROON
Cameroon has closed its borders in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. All passenger flights into the country have been suspended.
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Travelers are reminded to avoid travel to all rural areas after clashes broke out on April 29 in Ndele between rival armed groups. Reports indicate that members of the rebel Patriotic Rally for the Renewal of the Central African Republic (RPRC) group assaulted the city’s market before being repelled by the rival rebel Patriotic Front for the Revival of the Central African Republic group. Local sources indicate that several people were killed and injured during the attack. This latest incident underscores the extreme travel risks associated with travel outside Bangui.
CHAD
All borders are currently closed, and international flights are suspended until at least May 15. N’djamena International Airport (NDJ), Abéché Airport (AEH), Faya-Largeau Airport (FYT), Moundou Airport (MQQ) and Sarh Airport (SRH) remain closed through May 15. Through at least May 14, a curfew has been instituted from 7:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time in Ndjamena, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mayo Kebbi Est and Mayo Kebbi Ouest.
Cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have been detected in N’Djamena and several other parts of the country. Polio is a contagious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. It is spread through contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. The circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) strains can emerge in under-vaccinated populations. Travelers should prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccinations are up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
CONGO (DRC)
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Congo (DRC) due to an indefinite suspension of inbound and outbound travel and stringent movement restrictions amid the COVID-19 outbreak. The country is under a State of Emergency, and all land, sea and air borders are closed until further notice, except to cargo. All travel between Kinshasa and other urban centers has been prohibited. Access to Kinshasa’s Gombe district is restricted; residents need access badges. On April 21, national authorities extended the State of Health Emergency for another 21 days. The measures in place include a ban on internal travel (except essential movements and essential work), the closure of all non-essential shops, a country-wide lockdown and a curfew from 8:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time.
An outbreak of Ebola has been ongoing in the provinces of North Kivu and Ituri. Key response activities continue to be challenged by security issues. Ebola is spread by contact with the blood or other bodily fluids, including vomit and diarrhea, of infected or dead people. Healthcare workers, household members, and people participating in traditional funeral practices (touching the body) are at high risk. Travelers are advised to continue to defer non-essential travel to affected areas and prevent infection by paying strict attention to hygiene, avoiding contact with blood and body fluids, and not participating in traditional funerals.
COTE D’ IVOIRE
Travel to Cote d’Ivoire, where stringent restrictions have been imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, should be deferred. All land, sea, and air borders remain closed until further notice and international flights are banned, except for cargo traffic. An ongoing State of Emergency and related nationwide curfew between 9:00 PM and 5:00 AM local time have been extended through April 30. Abidjan remains isolated from the rest of the country.
A case of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) has been confirmed in Sud Comoe region. This is the first case of polio in the country after a gap of over eight years. Polio is a contagious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. It is spread through contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. Travelers are advised to prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccination is up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
DJIBOUTI
All travel to Djibouti should be deferred amid a national lockdown and the indefinite suspension of all international commercial flights since March 18. The lockdown will remain in place until at least April 28 and involves internal movement restrictions. Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport (JIB) has been closed to international passenger traffic, including military and humanitarian flights, though cargo flights are operating normally. Travelers in country should review their visa status and ensure they have sufficient provisions to last at least several weeks.
EGYPT
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid ongoing stringent restrictions related to the COVID19 pandemic. International air traffic remains suspended, and a nightly curfew from 9:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time is in effect until further notice. Repatriation flights for foreign nationals seeking to depart will continue to be permitted. In-country travelers should continue to abide by official directives and ensure provisions are in place to support a stand-fast period of several weeks.
The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures will aggravate socio-economic grievances in the coming weeks. While sporadic demonstrations should be anticipated, security forces will move to swiftly contain gatherings and crackdown on political dissent. Sinai Province (SP), the local affiliate of the extremist Islamic State group, is likely to increase attacks across North Sinai governorate, where the travel risks are extreme, as security forces focus on containment and curfew measures.
ERITREA
All travel to Eritrea should be deferred due to enhanced restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Commercial air traffic is suspended, and a nationwide lockdown is in place, which initially went into effect on April 2 was recently extended until further notice. Non-essential domestic movement, except for emergencies, is prohibited. Violations of official guidelines are subject to unspecified “punitive measures.” Travelers in country should review the implications for potentially overstaying their visa, given the flight ban and potential for extended border closures.
ESWATINI
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid an ongoing suspension of inbound and outbound flights in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Authorities have extended an ongoing nationwide partial lockdown until at least May 6. As part of the measure, the country’s borders remain closed, though this does not affect returning citizens and legal residents; however, they are subject to a 14-day quarantine upon arrival. In-country travelers should follow all official directives.
ETHIOPIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Ethiopia following a reduction in inbound and outbound travel options due to widespread commercial flight cancellations and the closure of land borders due to COVID-19. A national State of Emergency is in place, and movement and other restrictions have been implemented countrywide. In-country travelers should evaluate the impact of restrictions and potential lockdowns and ensure readiness to stand fast for several weeks. In-country travelers are also reminded of secondary security risks, amid reports of increased xenophobia in Addis Ababa and other urban centers linked to the COVID 19 outbreak. On March 18, the US Embassy issued an alert warning of incidents of harassment and assault targeting foreign nationals.
Ethiopia’s Parliamentary Elections, originally scheduled for August 2020, have been postponed due to COVID-19. This will exacerbate tensions between the ruling Ethiopian Prosperity Party (EPP) and opposition groups, increasing the risk of social and political unrest. The country has experienced sustained ethnic social unrest and violence since Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed took power in 2018. The upcoming elections were considered an opportunity for the EPP to prove its democratic credentials and quell opposition dissatisfaction. The risk of violence will also increase during the pandemic; travelers should closely monitor rhetoric from prominent opposition figures and avoid all gatherings as a precaution.
GHANA
All travel to Ghana should be deferred amid ongoing restrictions and other public health measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of April 20, movement restrictions related to a partial lockdown in the Greater Accra and Greater Kumasi regions have been lifted. The country’s land and maritime borders remain closed through May 4, and all commercial flights are suspended. Public gatherings also remain prohibited. Travelers in country should follow all official directives.
Ghana is one of the African countries most impacted by COVID-19 cases; this is partly due to the government’s decision to undertake massive testing in Accra, among other measures to contain the outbreak. While Togo and Benin remain comparatively less affected, the continuous spread of the disease, along with associated restrictions on movement and gatherings in all three countries, is already starting to strain their economies and render life more difficult for their populations. Travelers should therefore monitor developments and anticipate an in-creased risk of criminality and local unrest in most urban areas affected by COVID-19.
GUINEA
Guinea continues to tighten restrictions as part of the country’s State of Emergency in an effort to curtail the spread of COVID-19. Measures include the closure of Conakry’s Gbessia International Airport (CKY), a ban on people leaving Conakry without prior approval, the mandatory wearing of facemasks in public as well as a nightly time curfew from 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Due to the underlying political crisis in the country, including the recent promulgation of a controversial new constitution, there will be an increased risk of unrest in the coming weeks driven by challenges to government legitimacy, economic stagnation, and to a lesser degree ethnic divisions.
IRAN
An outbreak of COVID-19 is underway in Iran. In response, several countries have closed their land borders with Iran and suspended flights. COVID-19 can cause symptoms of fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Travelers are advised to pay attention to general hygiene and avoid direct contact with people who are sick. Anyone with symptoms of respiratory illness who may have been exposed to COVID-19 should seek medical attention according to the local procedure.
On February 26, the US Department of State issued a Level 4: Do Not Travel Advisory, stating that all non-essential travel to Iran be deferred due to an outbreak of COVID-19. There is a significant reduction in outbound travel options due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost all foreign commercial air carriers have suspended flights to and from Iran, while most neighboring countries have closed their land border. Due to the significant reduction in outbound travel options, as well as an official decision on March 25 to indefinitely restrict all intercity travel, organizations with people in Iran are advised to withdraw all travelers while still feasible.
IRAQ
Travel to Iraq should be deferred amid restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In federal Iraq, a nightly curfew is in effect from 7:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time through May 22, with a 24-hour curfew from 7:00 PM local time on Thursdays to 6:00 AM local time on Sundays. In the Kurdistan Region, a nightly curfew is in place from 6:00 PM 12:01 AM local time. Travelers in country should continue to abide by all official directives and ensure they have provisions in place to support a stand-fast period of at least several weeks.
ISRAEL
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Israel and the West Bank (Palestinian Territories) due to strict entry restrictions and border closures imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nationwide restrictions on gatherings and movement are in force in Israel. In the West Bank, a State of Emergency remains in effect, with a curfew from 5:00 PM to 10:00 AM in place, at least until May 3.
JORDAN
Travelers should monitor developments and abide by official directives amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the travel security environment will remain stable, sporadic protests and strikes driven by rising socio-economic grievances will occur as movement restrictions are eased in the months ahead. An increase in crime will also accompany any economic downturn. While Islamist extremist groups will attempt to radicalize vulnerable communities, security forces will remain highly capable of dismantling suspected militant cells and thwarting plots. Incountry travelers should continue to minimize time spent around potential militant targets.
KENYA
Travelers should continue to follow official directives and defer all travel to Kenya where restrictions have been imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide curfew remains in place from 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Essential sectors are exempt from this measure. Nairobi and Machakos County are under lockdown. Similar lockdowns are in place in Kilifi, Kwale, Mandera, and Mombasa counties. Those conducting essential movement must wear facemasks or risk legal consequences. International flights remain suspended.
Kenya will experience increases in social unrest and crime due to economic pressures, particularly on its low-income populations, caused by COVID-19 restrictions. Protests against the country’s strict lockdown have taken place in Mombasa, while criminal groups have reportedly taken advantage of the curfew hours to break into shops. With a decline in tourism and reduction in business activity, travelers should be aware of the rising risks stemming from crime, unrest, militancy, and ethnic tensions.
KUWAIT
All travel to Kuwait should be deferred until further notice, with authorities tightening restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. All flights to and from the country, with the exception of cargo services, remain indefinitely suspended. On April 6, authorities extended a nighttime curfew, which is now in effect between 5:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time.
LEBANON
All travel should be deferred amid ongoing restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A State of Medical Emergency is in place through May 10. All ports of entry remain closed, including Beirut’s Rafic Hariri International Airport (BEY); however, special repatriation flights have been scheduled for citizens and residents abroad. A nationwide curfew is in effect from 8:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Only pharmacies and other exempted businesses remain to be permitted to operate; supermarkets must remain closed. Travelers in country should follow all official directives
In the coming days, travelers in Lebanon should anticipate and avoid further protests over deteriorating economic conditions. Protests have occurred in multiple locations across the country since April 26, including in Beirut, Sidon, Tyre and Tripoli. On April 30, protesters in Metn will march at 10:00 AM local time from Jal al-Did to Antelias. On May 1, protesters will gather in Beirut in front of the Ministry of Education building at 10:00 AM local time and at Martyr’s Square at 12:00 PM local time
LESOTHO
All travel to Lesotho should be deferred amid restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide lockdown is in effect through May 5. Inbound and outbound options remain restricted by neighboring South Africa’s nationwide lockdown and border closure, making it essentially impossible to reach Lesotho. All social gatherings except funerals are prohibited, while all shops and markets, apart from those selling food and medical supplies, are closed. Emergency services remain operational.
LIBYA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Libya amid fighting and pandemic-related restrictions. A daily 12-hour curfew is in place from 6:00 PM until 6:00 AM local time until further notice in areas controlled by Libya’s Government of National Accord (GNA). In areas controlled by the Libyan National Army (LNA), a daily curfew is in place from 7:00 PM until 7:00 AM local time. A ban on foreign nationals entering remains, while land borders are closed and all civil aviation is suspended until at least May 9.
MADAGASCAR
Travelers should defer all travel to Madagascar amid stringent restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although President Andry Rajoelina announced the gradual lifting of lockdown measures in Antananarivo, as well as the cities of Fianarantsoa and Toamasina effective April 20, other measures, including a nationwide curfew from 9:00 PM to 4:00 AM local time, internal movement restrictions and the suspension of all inbound/outbound flights, remain in place. Unruly protests against COVID-19 containment measures have occurred in several cities, including in Antananarivo, posing incidental risks to bystanders.
In the coming days, travelers in Ambovombe should anticipate and avoid further protests over the construction of a new market due to the risk of unrest. Residents in the city’s Berary district are opposing the government’s demolishing of buildings in the area to make way for the project. According to local reports, the government contends the affected buildings, which include homes, were illegally constructed on public land. Despite a nationwide ban on gatherings amid the COVID-19 pandemic, clashes between armed demonstrators and security forces broke out on April 29 in the district, resulting in at least two people killed and several others injured.
MALI
Mali has implemented a nightly curfew from 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time, a ban on gatherings over 50 people, closed land borders, and suspended international flights as part of the country’s State of Health Emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The government held the second round of Legislative Elections in April despite the COVID19 outbreak and amid repeated militant attacks particularly in northern regions of Gao and Timbuktu, as well as reported clashes between militant groups in Mopti region. Travelers should anticipate an increased risk of social unrest due to the economic strain of the outbreak and challenges to government legitimacy.
MALAWI
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Malawi. Although the country has declared a State of Disaster, a proposed 21-day lockdown is yet to be implemented due to a legal challenge by the Human Rights Defenders Coalition. As the government continues to try to tighten travel and movement restrictions in the coming weeks, security challenges will arise. The risks from crime and xenophobia will increase, and the potential for social unrest can be expected to rise due to the pandemic and associated measures. Security challenges will be exacerbated in the run-up to an election re-run scheduled for July 2.
MALDIVES
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid ongoing COVID-19-related restrictions. All interisland travel is banned until further notice. Internal entry and exit restrictions across Greater Male region, which includes Male, Hulhumale, Villimale, Gulhifalhu and Thilafushi, have been extended until at least May 14. Under the enhanced measures, all vehicle and pedestrian movement is banned; essential workers are exempt. Male’s Velana International Airport (MLE) is closed for inbound and outbound commercial flights.
MAURITIUS
All travel to Mauritius should be deferred and travelers in country should abide by all restrictions in place after the extension of an ongoing curfew through at least May 4. Non-essential activities are banned, and locals are advised to remain at their residence. Essential services remain open, though movement is restricted. All international flights have been suspended; outbound repatriation flights are still possible. Internal flights between Port Louis and Port Mathurin remain operational.
MOROCCO
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Morocco, where stringent restrictions linked to the COVID-19 outbreak have been imposed. Authorities have banned all international flights and ferries until further notice, though some commercial or charter flights are still transporting foreign nationals out of the country. A State of Health Emergency and movement restrictions are in force. Only essential movement with a mandatory certificate will be authorized, and travelers already in the country should follow all official directives.
MOZAMBIQUE
Travelers should continue to defer all travel due to a reduction in journey options amid an ongoing State of Emergency until May 30 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Outbound flights are only available to/through Ethiopia’s Addis Ababa Bole International Airport (ADD), and limited domestic travel is still possible. Authorities had earlier suspended issuing new visas and required all returning Mozambican citizens, or others still permitted to enter the country, to go into quarantine for 14 days. They have also banned all gatherings and imposed restrictions on public and private transport. In-country travelers should follow all official directives.
NAMIBIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid an ongoing suspension of inbound and outbound travel due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although on April 30, authorities announced to ease the nationwide lockdown starting from May 5 onwards, the six-month State of Emergency declared on March 17 will remain in place; however, some businesses will be allowed to resume operations, and internal travel will be permitted as well. Borders remain closed for non-Namibians. Namibian citizens and permanent residents continue to be allowed to enter the country under special conditions, but they must undergo a 14-day self-quarantine.
NIGERIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Nigeria amid stringent restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A multi-state lockdown on movement is in effect until at least May 6. New measures set to begin on May 4 include a ban on non-essential inter-state travel, as well as a nationwide curfew from 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time. The measures follow the closure of the country’s borders and the suspension of all international commercial flights until at least May 4. Most domestic flights have also been cancelled.
Cases of Lassa fever have been confirmed in many states. Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness. Transmission to humans mostly occurs through ingestion or inhalation of excretions from infected rodents, especially rats. The disease can also spread through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person. Travelers are advised to prevent infection by observing strict hygiene and avoiding contact with sick people.
OMAN
Travelers should continue to defer travel to Oman until further notice amid the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 29. authorities eased some domestic restrictions by removing checkpoints between most governorates and allowing some businesses to reopen; however, entry to and exit from Muscat governorate remains blocked until at least 10:00 AM local time on May 8. All international and domestic passenger flights, including transit flights, remain indefinitely suspended. Cargo flights and a daily flight between Muscat International Airport (MCT) and Khasab Airport (KHS) continue to operate.
QATAR
Travelers, with the exception of Qatari citizens, should continue to defer all inbound travel to Qatar until further notice amid restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 1, authorities announced that a suspension of inbound international air traffic had been extended indefinitely. National carrier Qatar Airways continues to operate. Outbound flights continue, and transit through Doha’s Hamad International Airport (DOH) for connecting flights remains possible. Entry into the country remains restricted to Qatari citizens only, who will be required to selfquarantine for 14 days upon arrival.
RWANDA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country despite planned relaxations of ongoing COVID-19-related restrictions. Authorities will relax an ongoing nationwide lockdown on May 4, allowing public and private businesses to operate with essential staff; however, a nationwide curfew from 8:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time will be imposed from that day, while social distancing measures will also remain in place. Travelers should follow all official directives.
SAUDI ARABIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Saudi Arabia until further notice and monitor developments linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have partially eased related curfew restrictions in most regions until at least May 13, which will now take place from 5:00 PM to 9:00 AM local time; however, Mecca and some isolated neighborhoods remain under an indefinite 24-hour curfew. On April 22, authorities announced an online platform to facilitate the repatriation of expatriates. In-country travelers should abide by official directives and ensure that they have sufficient provisions to last several weeks.
SENEGAL
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Senegal due to stringent COVID-19-related restrictions. The country’s airspace closure has been extended until May 31, and land borders remain closed. All road movement has been prohibited until further notice, with certain exceptions. Meanwhile, a State of Emergency and related nationwide nightly curfew between 8:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time has been extended until at least May 3.
SEYCHELLES
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the Seychelles due to stringent COVID-19-related restrictions. In addition to the ongoing nationwide lockdown, a nightly curfew will be in effect from 7:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time until at least May 4. Only the police and essential workers are exempt from this measure. All international flights remain suspended until at least April 30, with the exception of some repatriation, cargo and medical evacuation services.
SIERRA LEONE
Freetown International Airport (FNA) will close to all commercial flights on March 22 until further notice in a bid to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
SOMALIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Somalia amid restrictions linked to the COVID-19 outbreak. All inbound and outbound commercial and cargo flights to Mogadishu, the autonomous region of Puntland, and selfdeclared republic of Somaliland remain suspended until further notice. International cargo flights delivering medicine and other humanitarian supplies are exempt. Domestic flights have also been suspended indefinitely. A nightly curfew will be imposed in Mogadishu between 8:00 PM and 5:00 AM local time from April 15 until further notice. Travelers in Somalia should continue to abide by all official directives and ensure they have sufficient provisions to last at least several weeks.
SOUTH AFRICA
All travel to South Africa should be deferred amid flight and internal movement restrictions in response to the global COVID-19 outbreak. On April 9, President Cyril Ramaphosa announced the extension of ongoing nationwide lockdown through April 30, during which people are only allowed to leave their home or accommodation to seek medical care, purchase necessary supplies or collect social grants. Movement between provinces is also prohibited with very limited exceptions; the latter requires prior approval. International and domestic flights are suspended indefinitely, though South African Airlines is operating limited repatriation charter flights sponsored by foreign governments.
An increase in social unrest and crime, as a result of economic pressures caused by restrictions imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, can be expected. While crime has currently fallen as a result of severe movement restrictions, other security consequences will be felt in the coming months due to a decline in economic activity and international tourism. These consequences will be particularly acute in low-income areas where the impact of COVID-19 will be most severe and include increased social unrest, xenophobic violence, and crime risks tied to economic contraction.
SOUTH SUDAN
The early April confirmation of South Sudan’s first COVID-19 cases and related movement restrictions will exacerbate chronic economic hardship and acute food insecurity. This in turn will fuel communal tensions and violent crime. Financial and logistical challenges will further delay implementation of the outstanding conditions of the 2018 peace deal, gradually increasing the risk of conflict. Anti-foreigner sentiment may rise, increasing the likelihood of protests targeting the humanitarian sector and foreign businesses. Travelers in country should continue to monitor developments.
SUDAN
Travelers should defer all travel to Sudan until further notice and monitor developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have announced a 24-hour curfew in Khartoum state, including Khartoum and Omdurman, until at least May 9. A nighttime curfew is in effect in other areas from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time. All airports, seaports, and land border crossings remain closed until at least May 20 amid an ongoing State of Emergency. Incountry travelers should continue to abide by all official directives and ensure they have sufficient provisions in place to last at least several weeks.
TANZANIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Tanzania, where authorities have imposed restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 11, the Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority indefinitely suspended all international passenger, charter, and private flights in the country. Domestic flights remain operational, but options are limited. Public transport is also running. In-country travelers should follow all official directives.
As Tanzania moves towards Presidential Elections scheduled for October, the spread of COVID-19 and associated restrictions have hampered opposition efforts to organize against President John Magufuli. A ban on gatherings to counter the virus, as well as an ongoing campaign of repression by the ruling party, will ensure that political unrest remains limited in the coming weeks. As the COVID-19 outbreak spreads, the country will face heightened risks from crime and militancy due to increased socio-economic hardship. In addition, the risks posed by social unrest will increase as the election draws closer.
TUNISIA
All travel to Tunisia should be deferred amid ongoing stringent measures to curb the spread of COVID-19. A nationwide lockdown has been extended through May 3, while all borders also remain closed. All movement is to be minimized, except for essential work purposes, health reasons or emergencies. Authorities have revised the timing of an ongoing nationwide curfew. The curfew is now in place from 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, which is due to begin on April 23. Travelers in country should follow all official directives.
UGANDA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Uganda after authorities extended the ongoing nationwide lockdown until May 5 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The measure includes a nightly curfew from 7:00 PM to 6:30 AM local time, the suspension of public and private transport, a ban on gatherings of more than five people, and the closure of most non-essential commercial operations. All air, land, and sea entry points will also remain closed for the duration of the lockdown. Several violent incidents have been reported in connection with enforcement of the restrictions. As such, in-country travelers are advised to monitor security-related developments and follow all official directives. Civil unrest will continue to pose risks in the coming weeks as security forces enforce stay-at-home orders with harsh measures. Joblessness caused by the prolonged lockdown and restrictions on gatherings will contribute to a rise in petty and violent crime rates. The country will also face political uncertainty approaching elections in 2021.
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) until further notice amid stringent restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have tightened personal movement restrictions in Dubai, where a cleaning and disinfection program will remain in effect. The majority of international air traffic also remains suspended, though national carrier Etihad and Dubai-based airlines Emirates and flydubai are operating a limited number of outbound flights.
YEMEN
Travelers are reminded of the need to defer all travel to Yemen after the secessionist Southern Transitional Council (STC) declared a State of Emergency early on April 26 in the southern governorates, including Aden, and announced it would “self-govern” these areas. STC forces have reportedly taken control of key infrastructure in Aden, including the seaport and the international airport (ADE). The developments will heighten tensions with President Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi’s internationally-recognized government, as well as the risk of clashes between both sides’ forces in the southern governorates over the coming weeks.
ZAMBIA
Non-essential travel to Zambia, where internal restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic are in force, should be deferred. Although international flights are still operating in and out of Lusaka’s Kenneth Kaunda International Airport (LUN), all international flights into Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula (LVI), Mfuwe (MFU), and Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe (NLA) airports have been suspended until further notice. All incoming travelers will be subject to airport screening measures and 14-day self-quarantine upon entry.
ZIMBABWE
All travel to Zimbabwe should be deferred due to restrictions in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have extended a nationwide lockdown through May 3, subject to further extension. Internal movement continues to be restricted during this period. Options for inbound/outbound travel remain available but are limited and may be further reduced over the coming weeks. Travelers entering the country will be subject to strict screening measures and a 21-day self-quarantine. Security checkpoints remain in place in urban centers to ensure compliance with government orders. The country’s prolonged economic crisis combined with COVID-19-related restrictions could prompt unrest.
Increased cases of malaria have been confirmed in some parts the country. The disease is spread through mosquito bites and can be fatal unless promptly treated. Early symptoms are flu-like, such as fever, head/body aches and general weakness. Symptoms of malaria can develop seven days after exposure, and prompt medical attention should be sought. Travelers are advised to prevent infection by avoiding mosquito bites.
ASIA & THE PACIFIC
REGIONAL
Travelers planning domestic travel during the Labor Day holiday on May 1-5 should expect increased demand for transport and accommodation, including four- and five-star hotels. Although the expected number of travelers will be lower than seen in previous years due to COVID-19, the number of domestic travelers is forecast to reach around 80 million, almost double the number for the Ching Ming festival in early April. Travelers are further reminded to abide by restrictions related to COVID-19.
All travel to Hong Kong should be deferred amid ongoing COVID-19-related restrictions. All non-residents are banned from entering or transiting through Hong Kong via flights until further notice. All residents and non-residents coming from mainland China, Macao, and Taiwan are also subject to a 14-day quarantine. Authorities have extended the imposition of social-distancing rules through May 7.
Travelers in Hong Kong should anticipate and avoid commemorative and Labor Day gatherings on May 1. These have been planned in multiple locations, including Mong Kok, Kwun Tong and Tai Po. Demonstrations to mark the eightmonth anniversary of clashes between protesters and police at the Prince Edward Mass Transit Railway station in Kowloon are likely. These may occur at short notice, and any associated unrest would pose incidental risks to bystanders. An appeal board has upheld a police decision to refuse to permit a demonstration by the Confederation of Trade Unions (CTU).
AFGHANISTAN
Travelers in Afghanistan should liaise with their security provider regarding the feasibility of movement amid increasingly tight COVID-19-related restrictions. Movement restrictions in Kabul have been extended until at least May 9. Travelers should continue to defer all inbound travel until further notice. Those in-country should ensure that they have provisions in place to support a stand-fast period of at least several weeks. Travelers who are either unable or unwilling to stand fast should consider departing the country, if possible.
AUSTRALIA
All travel to Australia should be deferred after all foreign nationals were barred from entry beginning March 20 for an indefinite period. Those in country should follow all internal restrictions and directives. Citizens, permanent residents and their immediate family, as well as New Zealand citizens residing in Australia, are exempt from the entry ban; however, beginning at 11:59 PM local time on March 28, they will be subject to a 14-day self-isolation at a designated facility in the city of their arrival. Restrictions on internal travel have also been imposed, with Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia, as well as the Northern Territory, closing their borders. Although domestic flights continue to operate nationwide, cuts have been made to services through June. Interstate arrivals in the aforementioned destinations will be required to undergo a 14-day period of self-isolation at their residence. As of April 30, the outbreak of COVID-19 has passed the peak of the first wave, with the number of new cases having declined since early April. All states and territories have been affected, and there is gradual easing of some of the restrictions that have been imposed.
BANGLADESH
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Bangladesh, where the nationwide COVID-19-related lockdown has been extended until May 5. Most international and all domestic flights remain suspended until May 7; however, passenger flights to China, as well as special flights, air ambulances, emergency landings, and cargo flights are exempted. Dhaka’s Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC) is currently the only port of entry. Entry and exit restrictions remain in effect in the metropolitan areas of Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and Sylhet divisions.
BHUTAN
Authorities have prohibited the entry of foreign nationals with a travel history to any country with COVID-19 cases. The announcement, made on March 19, includes individuals holding valid visas, work permits or other immigration permits; it applies until further notice. Bhutanese Nationals and other travelers permitted to enter the country will be isolated for 14 days at a designated quarantine facility. All travel should be deferred while the measures are in place.
CAMBODIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Cambodia, where stringent restrictions are in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Commercial flight options have been significantly reduced, while a ban on the entry of travelers from France, Germany, Iran, Italy, Spain, and the US has been extended until further notice. While the prohibition of inter-provincial travel has been lifted, further movement restrictions may be imposed in the coming weeks. Travelers should also monitor security developments, especially social unrest relating to the economic impact of COVID-19.
CHINA
Beginning at 12:01 AM local time on March 28, entry to mainland China will be suspended for all foreigners currently holding valid visas and residence permits. Exemptions are granted to foreigners with courtesy, diplomatic or service visas, as well as ‘C’ visa holders (crew of international trains, airlines or vessels). Other foreigners intending to enter China for essential economic, scientific and technology activity, or for emergencies, need to apply for visas at the nearest Chinese diplomatic facility. Non-essential travel to mainland China should be deferred. Those planning essential travel should reconfirm their visa or residence permit status. Non-essential travel to Macao and Taiwan should also be deferred due to entry restrictions in these locations.
Essential travel to Hubei province can resume following the easing of internal restrictions. Since early April, authorities have gradually lifted all restrictions in Wuhan, including those on entry to and exit from the city, and reopened Wuhan Tianhe International Airport (WUH) on April 8. Restrictions in other parts of Hubei have also been eased. Those planning essential travel to China should reconfirm their visa or residence permit status due to restrictions banning the entry of foreigners holding valid visas and residence permits issued before March 26. Nonessential travel to Macao and Taiwan should also be deferred, while all travel to Hong Kong should be deferred amid enhanced entry restrictions.
EAST TIMOR
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid ongoing stringent restrictions linked to the COVID19 pandemic. A State of Emergency is in effect until May 27. All foreign nationals, except those residing or born in East Timor, oil-rig workers and legal representatives of Timorese minors, are banned from entering the country. All persons arriving in the country are subject to health screenings and must quarantine for at least 14 days. Screenings of departing passengers are also being conducted.
FIJI
Transit through Fiji is banned until further notice; Nadi Airport is closed indefinitely t passenger traffic. A nationwide curfew is in affection from 8:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time.
FRENCH POLYNESIA
Currently, travelers are not allowed to enter French Polynesia; nationals of France and residents of French Polynesia are exempt. On arrival, mandatory health screenings will be carried out for all passengers, and all passengers will be directed to self-quarantine for 14 days in French Polynesia.
INDIA
All travel to India should be deferred amid an ongoing nationwide lockdown through May 3 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The measure includes the suspension of all international and domestic flights and rail services and a ban on all non-essential movement outside residences; however, authorities have started to partially relaxed restrictions in areas outside “containment zones” or in areas with low or no COVID-19 cases. Travelers in country should continue defer all movement that is deemed “non-essential” by authorities during this period.
Four security personnel were injured in a grenade attack on April 29 in the Nowhatta area of Srinagar. In addition, at least 14 suspected militants were killed in clashes with security forces since April 22 in Anantnag, Baramulla, and Kulgam districts. The incidents underline the persistent militancy risk in Kashmir and the need for travelers to adopt stringent security precautions.
INDONESIA
Travelers should continue to defer travel amid COVID-19-related restrictions. Domestic air, sea, and inter-city and inter-provincial land travel remain prohibited under “large-scale social restrictions” and “red zones” (areas with high numbers of COVID-19 cases). Entry and transit for foreign nationals remains prohibited. Reduced international repatriation flights for Indonesian and foreign nationals continue to operate.
Travelers in Papua and West Papua provinces should exercise heightened caution around the May 1 anniversary of the two provinces becoming a part of Indonesia. There are currently no large-scale COVID-19-related social distancing measures in either province. Local authorities have discouraged public gatherings and can be expected to disband any protests; however, pro-independence demonstrations remain possible, particularly in Jayapura and Manokwari. These should be avoided due to the credible risk of unrest.
Travelers in Central Java, West Java, Central Kalimantan, Aceh, and West Sumatra provinces should plan journeys accounting for disruption due to ongoing adverse weather. Flash floods and landslides have occurred in these areas since April 21, with Pidie Jaya regency being the worst-affected. Further heavy rainfall has been forecast by the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysical Agency in the coming days. Travelers should reconfirm the status of routes with local contacts before setting out.
JAPAN
Travelers should continue to defer non-essential travel to Japan amid the imposition of travel and movement restrictions in response to COVID-19. A State of Emergency remains in place until May 6, empowering prefectural authorities to impose movement restrictions. Essential services continue to operate. The government has extended existing entry restrictions until May 31 and expanded a list of countries from where foreign travelers will be denied entry from April 29.
KAZAKHSTAN
Travelers should continue to defer all travel and follow official directives amid ongoing restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Authorities have extended an ongoing a State of Emergency until May 11. Restrictions are expected to be relaxed in the coming days, including resumption of flights between Nur-Sultan and Almaty beginning May 1 and operations of certain industries. Meanwhile, most foreign nationals are being denied entry, though there are no restrictions on departure. All international flights, including those repatriating Kazakh nationals, are suspended.
An economic downturn linked to falling oil prices and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may prompt an increase in crime in major urban centers such as Nur-Sultan and Almaty, as well as social unrest. Most protests are likely to focus on socio-economic grievances, though small demonstrations over political issues will also occur. These issues will not undermine wider stability in Kazakhstan over the coming months; however, travelers in country should continue to closely monitor COVID-19-related developments.
KYRGYZSTAN
Foreign travelers, with the exception of certain categories, should defer inbound travel to Kyrgyzstan due to measures linked to the global COVID-19 outbreak. The ongoing State of Emergency has been extended until at least May 10, including in Bishkek. Such a measure entails restrictions on domestic movements and the closure of shopping and entertainment venues. Most foreign nationals are barred entry to the country. While foreigners are still allowed to depart the country, outbound travel options remain extremely limited. In-country travelers should follow official directives.
LAOS
A nationwide lockdown is in place until May 3 as part of the government’s COVID-19-related measures. All nonessential movement remains prohibited outside residences as well as between provinces. International borders remain closed; all inbound and outbound passenger flights remain suspended during this period. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been designated as the lead government agency to oversee assistance for foreign nationals seeking to return to their home countries. Travelers should follow official directives and continue to defer all travel to the country during the lockdown.
MALAYSIA
All travel to Malaysia should be deferred amid stringent restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A “Movement Control Order” (MCO) banning most foreigners from entering the country has been extended through May 12. The MCO mandates that people can only leave their residences for essential purposes, such as the procurement of food or medicine. Travel restrictions under the MCO may be eased depending on the situation. Beginning April 25, anyone intending to undertake interstate travel to major cities should apply online through the Gerak Malaysia mobile application or at the local police station.
MONGOLIA
Travelers should defer all travel to Mongolia. Foreign nationals are barred from entering the country, and international flights will remain suspended until at least May 31. Those in Mongolia should continue to follow all official directives amid restrictions to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This is despite the relaxation of internal travel restrictions, which included the resumption of inter-city traffic and domestic passenger trains on March 16. Possibilities to leave the country will remain extremely limited until international flights resume.
MYANMAR
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid COVID-19-related restrictions. Inbound international commercial flights remain suspended until at least May 15. Medical evacuations, relief and cargo flights, and special flights approved by the Department of Civil Aviation are exempt. Although domestic airlines are expected to gradually resume operations after May 1, there remains significant potential for short-notice changes in flight availability during this period. All visa-free travel and visas for foreigners are also suspended until May 15, with some exemptions. A 28-day mandatory quarantine period is in place for those allowed entry.
NEW CALEDONIA
New Caledonia will cease all commercial flights beginning March 24. Authorities have requested that all nonresidents leave the territory as soon as possible.
NEPAL
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Nepal after the suspension of domestic and international flights was extended until at least May 15. The nationwide lockdown has also been extended until at least May 7, under which residents are required to stay at home except for essential purposes. Government offices and non-essential businesses remain closed, and public transport services remain suspended during this period. All land borders remain closed.
NEW ZEALAND
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to New Zealand, where stringent COVID-19-related restrictions remain in place. The country will remain in alert Level Three (third highest on a four-tier scale) until at least May 11. A State of Emergency is in place until at least May 6. As part of related measures, domestic and international flights have been significantly reduced, and foreigners are banned from entering the country. Strong police capabilities are expected to sustain the stable security environment in the near term; however, there is potential for increased public discontent and xenophobic sentiment in the medium term, due to COVID-19-related restrictions, which will have a negative economic impact.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has passed the peak of the first wave, with the number of new cases having declined since early April. All 20 district health board areas have reported cases, with the majority of cases being imported. On April 27, the alert system was decreased to “Alert Level 3 – Restrict,” and some of the restrictions that have been imposed have eased.
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
Travelers should defer all travel to the Northern Mariana Islands due to limited international flight availability and stringent travel restrictions imposed by local authorities. All international flights in and out of the territory will be halted beginning April 6, with the exception of freight and medical transport. With the suspension of United Airlines flights between the territory and Guam from April 6, there will be no international flights serving the territory until at least April 30. Star Marianas Air will suspend inter-island flights starting on April 3, with the exception of cargo and medical evacuation flights between Rota, Saipan, and Tinian islands.
PAKISTAN
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Pakistan due to restrictions linked to COVID-19 pandemic. Inbound international flights remain suspended until at least May 15, while most domestic flights remain suspended until at least May 10. Exemptions are being made for diplomatic aircraft and special and cargo flights. Private aircraft are permitted to operate between Islamabad (ISB), Karachi (KHI) and Lahore (LHE) airports. The Wagah-Attari land border crossing between Punjab province and Punjab state remains closed, except for repatriation-related movement, until further notice.
Both wild polio and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have been detected in several locations. Polio is a contagious viral illness that causes paralysis and death. The infection is spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. The cVDPV strains can emerge in under-vaccinated populations. Travelers should prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccinations are up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
PAPA NEW GUINEA
All travel to Papua New Guinea should be deferred due to stringent restrictions linked to the global COVID-19 outbreak. On March 22, authorities declared a 30-day State of Emergency, which has been extended until May 24. Inbound international flights remain suspended, though flights carrying diplomatic staff, health workers, and others deemed to be critical personnel are exempt. There are no restrictions on those wishing to leave the country, though international outbound flight options are likely to be limited. Visa-on-arrival facilities are suspended, and the land border with Indonesia remains closed.
PHILIPPINES
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid ongoing restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhanced Community Quarantine restrictions are in place until at least May 15 in Metro Manila in the National Capital Region, Central Luzon region, Calabarzon region, Cebu, and other provinces. Air, land, and sea travel remain restricted, and foreigners are barred from entering; however, foreigners can leave the country via Manila’s Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL). A national Public Health Emergency is in place until at least midSeptember, allowing authorities to intensify quarantine measures.
SINGAPORE
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to the country amid enhanced restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since April 9, all returning Singaporeans, permanent residents, and long-term pass holders are required to self-isolate at dedicated facilities. Furthermore, public and private social gatherings of all sizes are banned, under the COVID-19 (Temporary Measures) Bill. Any offense is punishable by a fine and, in certain cases, imprisonment. This comes after the government implemented “circuit-breaker” measures until May 4, including a stringent work-from-home policy.
SOUTH KOREA
Travelers should continue to defer non-essential travel to the country due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may be further tightened in the coming days. Visa-free entry for foreigners from 90 countries, which have imposed entry restrictions on South Korean nationals, has been temporarily suspended from April 13, as have short-term visas issued before April 5. Earlier entry restrictions remain in place, including a mandatory 14-day quarantine for all arriving international passengers.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has passed the peak of the first wave, with the number of new cases having declined since early April. All provinces are affected, and there is gradual easing of some restrictions that have been imposed.
SRI LANKA
Travelers should continue to defer travel the country amid ongoing restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A 24-hour curfew is in place until 5:00 AM local time on May 4 in Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara, and Puttalam districts. In addition, 24-hour curfews will be reimposed from 8:00 PM local time on April 30 until 5:00 AM local time on May 4 in the rest of the country.
TAIWAN
The Taiwanese government will now allow automatic renewal of visas for foreign nationals who entered Taiwan before or on March 21. This measure came after authorities imposed an entry ban on all foreigners from 12:00 AM local time on March 19; Alien Resident certificate holders, personnel on diplomatic or official business, and those with commercial and contractual obligations or with special permission are exempt. All inbound travelers are subject to a mandatory 14-day self-quarantine upon arrival. Non-essential travel to Taiwan should be deferred due to travel restrictions and quarantine measures.
TAJIKISTAN
Travelers should defer all travel to Tajikistan after authorities enacted a ban on entry and exit of foreign nationals to/from the country. The ban does not apply to diplomatic personnel, representatives of international organizations, and financial institutions accredited in Tajikistan, as well as their family members. In such cases, arriving travelers will have to undergo mandatory 14-day self-isolation under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. Land borders are closed, while flights to and from the country have been suspended since March 20. Visas and registration for foreign nationals currently in Tajikistan will be extended until the situation stabilizes.
THAILAND
In the coming weeks, travelers in Thailand should follow all official directives and monitor developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide State of Emergency and a ban on inbound international flights are in place until May 31. Limited domestic flights will resume on May 1. In addition, a nationwide nightly curfew is in effect from 10:00 PM to 4:00 AM local time. Authorities are liable to announce additional measures at short notice. Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Thailand at least until flight operations normalize.
TURKEY
Travel to Turkey should be deferred until further notice amid enhanced restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 20, authorities announced a renewed curfew in 31 provinces from April 23 through April 26. Simultaneously, a ban on air, sea and land travel to and from at least 31 provinces has been extended through May 3. Turkish Airlines has extended its suspension of all international flights through May 20, while domestic flights have been canceled through May 1. Travelers in country should continue to abide by all official directives.
Turkey will remain broadly stable in the months ahead, but the economic fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic will aggravate socio-economic grievances and drive labor protests and industrial action. While this will fuel antigovernment sentiment among some segments of the public and raise the potential for wider protests in urban centers, these will not manifest into a coordinated program of unrest and will remain local. Meanwhile, crime rates will gradually increase in the coming months, as too will tensions between local communities and refugees. Security forces and the intelligence community will retain their strong capabilities, which will continue to mitigate risks from militancy and terrorism.
TURKMENISTAN
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Turkmenistan amid a suspension of all inbound and outbound international flights and the closure of land borders. Most categories of foreign travelers are barred entry. There is a consistent lack of credible information regarding COVID-19-related measures being implemented by authorities, which remains a sensitive topic. Local reports indicate that some internal movement restrictions are in place.
UZBEKISTAN
All travel to Uzbekistan, where authorities recently extended the ongoing nationwide quarantine through May 10 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, should be deferred. The measure includes the suspension of all air traffic, international rail and road travel, as well as the denial of entry to foreign nationals. Internal movement restrictions will also remain in force, mandating all citizens to stay inside their homes except for essential purposes. Although the country’s borders are closed, there are currently no restrictions on outbound travel for foreign nationals.
VIETNAM
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Vietnam, despite further relaxation of domestic movement restrictions linked to COVID-19. All inbound international passenger flights remain suspended until further notice, while outbound flights have also been significantly affected. Foreign travelers remain barred from entering the country until further notice. Any person seeking entry must obtain special approval from authorities and is subject to mandatory 14-day quarantine. The country’s borders with Cambodia and Laos remain closed to all traffic.
EUROPE
REGIONAL
Travelers should defer non-essential or all travel to countries in the Schengen Area, according to country-specific advice, due to COVID-19-related restrictions. While the European Commission (EC) recommended that member states should close their external borders for all non-EU citizens until May 15, on April 15, it revealed a roadmap towards lifting the restrictions over the coming months. Nationals of EU countries and Schengen-associated states returning to their home countries are exempted from the current restrictions, though member states are free to implement the ban with their own specifications and exceptions. Ireland and the UK are not affected by this ban.
Travelers in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, as well as Muslim-majority areas of Russia, Ukraine and the Crimean Peninsula, should exercise vigilance and abide by all official directives during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, which comes amid various restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ramadan will be observed in the region from April 24 to May 23, with Eid al-Fitr festivities falling on May 23-24. Travelers should ensure that essential movement is undertaken in accordance with COVID-19-related restrictions in their respective country or locality.
Travelers in major urban centers on May 1 should anticipate and avoid annual Labor Day (also known as International Workers’ Day) gatherings. This year, the holiday comes amid stringent movement restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Any unsanctioned gatherings are therefore likely to be dispersed by police. Additionally, concerns over the legitimacy of lockdowns, socio-economic repercussions, and discontent with governmental responses to the crisis have recently prompted protests in several locations. Even though most trade unions are adhering to lockdown measures, spontaneous, limited protests cannot be ruled out.
ARMENIA
All travel to Armenia should be deferred amid stringent restrictions and a reduction in inbound and outbound travel options linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ongoing State of Emergency has been extended through May 14. Most foreign nationals are barred from entering the country and the country’s land borders remain closed, while only limited domestic movement is possible with official documentation. Travelers in country should abide by official directives and ensure they have enough provisions to shelter-in-place for at least several weeks.
AZERBAIJAN
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Azerbaijan, where stringent restrictions have been imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Air and land borders have been closed until at least May 4, though the transportation of commodities is exempt. Other containment measures, including domestic movement restrictions, will also remain in place until at least May 4. Authorities have advised citizens and foreign residents to remain indoors, with some exceptions for essential journeys.
CYPRUS
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Cyprus until further notice due to enhanced COVID-19-related restrictions. Authorities recently extended the ongoing ban on all commercial inbound/outbound flights until at least May 17. Entry to the country has been restricted for foreign nationals, while a nighttime curfew is in effect from 9:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time until further notice. In-country travelers should abide by official directives and ensure provisions are in place to support a stand fast of several weeks. The self-declared “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus” has implemented similar restrictions.
FRANCE
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to France amid restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ongoing nationwide lockdown has been extended until May 11; borders with non-EU countries will remain closed beyond this date. All movement is prohibited except for essential work, health reasons or emergencies, and any movement for these purposes must be justified with a mandatory certificate (available on the Interior Ministry’s website). Several municipal authorities have also implemented curfews in their local government areas. Travelers incountry should follow all official directives.
GEORGIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Georgia as a State of Emergency linked to the COVID-19 pandemic remains in place until May 22. Inbound/outbound commercial flights have been suspended indefinitely, and a nationwide curfew is in effect from 9:00 PM to 6:00 AM local time. All public gatherings are prohibited, and nonessential businesses are closed. On April 24, authorities announced plans to gradually resume commercial activity in the coming weeks. Since April 27, vehicles, including taxis, have been allowed on roads; online retail and delivery and markets have also resumed operations.
GERMANY
Travelers should continue to defer non-essential travel to the country due to strict COVID-19-related restrictions. On April 30, the government announced that more non-essential establishments will be allowed to reopen in the coming days. A ban on large gatherings and non-essential movement in several states, as well as nationwide social distancing rules, will remain in place at least until May 10. Current border controls and entry restrictions will continue until at least until May 4. More restrictions may be gradually relaxed over the coming weeks.
GREECE
Travelers should defer all travel to Greece due to enhanced restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide lockdown will remain in effect until at least May 4, effectively banning all non-essential movement and transport. Residents intending to leave their homes for essential purposes, such as for work or to purchase food, will need to carry identification documents and a certificate (available on the Greek government website) justifying their movement. The measure follows a series of border closures and travel restrictions imposed by the government on March 14-15, including a mandatory 14-day quarantine for anyone arriving from abroad.
Tensions increased on the country’s Aegean Islands, particularly Lesbos and Chios, at the beginning of the year over government plans to construct further migrant housing despite overcrowded. These issues have been compounded by the outbreak in the country, which also comes amidst a new center-right government and continued economic strain. Travelers should monitor developments as sporadic protests continue in Athens as well as other main cities over social issues.
ITALY
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Italy amid stringent restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which have been extended until at least May 3. Internal movement is restricted except for essential purposes or emergencies, and any such travel requires self-certification (the form is available on the Interior Ministry’s website). All public gatherings have been prohibited. While most non-essential businesses are closed, a limited number of shops were allowed to reopen on April 14. Those found to be violating the restrictions will face significant fines. Travelers in-country should follow all official directives and minimize movement.
Rome Ciampino Airport (CIA) is closed due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Terminal 1 at Rome Fiumicino International Airport (FCO) is closed, and all operations will be carried out of the facility’s Terminal 3 until further notice.
NETHERLANDS
Foreign travelers who do not fall under the latest exemptions will be barred from entering the country until May 15. Travelers heading to the Netherlands from a high risk COVID-19 transmission country need to fill in a health declaration certificate prior to boarding. Exceptions include: EU citizens (including nationals of the UK) and their family members; nationals of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland and their family members; and other persons with a vital function or need. Gatherings of more than 100 are to be cancelled. This includes the closure of public places such as museums, concert venues, theatres, and sports clubs as well as the cancellation of sports matches and other events until the start of September. All events and public gatherings are banned until June 1.
RUSSIA
Foreign nationals should continue to defer all travel to the country until further notice due to COVID-19-related restrictions. President Vladimir Putin has extended a nationwide “stay-at-home holiday” until May 11. All international flights, including charter and transit flights, are suspended; however, government-authorized aircraft and special flights repatriating Russian citizens are exempt. Domestic air travel options are also reduced and are subject to additional regulations by the regional authorities. In-country travelers should abide by official directives and ensure they have provisions in place to support a stand-fast period of at least several weeks.
On April 30, authorities announced that three suspected militants were killed during a counter terrorism operation in the Chkalovsky district of Yekaterinburg. The suspects were reportedly supporters of the extremist Islamic State group and were planning attacks. Firearms and explosives were recovered during the security operation, and special restrictions imposed locally for its duration have now been lifted. The incident highlights the underlying risks posed by militancy in medium travel risk areas, as well as authorities’ counterterrorism capabilities.
SPAIN
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Spain due to restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. A State of Alarm, which gives the government emergency powers to impose limitations on movement and other extraordinary measures, has been extended until May 9. Residents have been asked to stay at home except to go to work, to buy food, medicines and other essentials, or in the event of emergencies until this date. While countrywide restrictions on movement remain in force, plans to relax restrictions have been announced by the government beginning May 4.
SWITZERLAND
Travelers should defer all non-essential travel to Switzerland and consider implications for in-country and onward journeys from COVID-19-related restrictions. On March 25, the government extended entry restrictions on both air and land borders to include travelers arriving on flights from all countries in the Schengen open border area. All international railway services are suspended until further notice. Entry to Switzerland is now only permitted for citizens of Switzerland and Liechtenstein, residents, those traveling for work-related reasons, emergencies or to transit through the country, and for the transportation of goods.
UKRAINE
All travel to Ukraine should be deferred amid a State of Emergency linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. All international flights are suspended, and government-authorized flights are only permitted to operate via KievBoryspil International Airport (KBP). Ukrainian citizens and residents are restricted from entering or exiting the country except through designated land border crossings, while foreign travelers are barred entry and exit without special permission from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Anyone granted entry to Ukraine is subject to mandatory 14- day quarantine. On April 22, the government extended existing internal restrictions through May 11.
Travelers in Odessa should anticipate heightened security around May 2, the anniversary of fatal clashes between pro-Ukraine and pro-Russia activists. Although public gatherings of more than two people are banned as part of COVID-19-related restrictions, unauthorized commemorative events contravening this order are still possible. Any memorial rallies will likely take place at Kulykove Pole and the Monument to Taras Shevchenko. Events commemorating sensitive dates are organized every year and are usually well-attended and peaceful; however, any unauthorized gatherings held this year might lead to scuffles between security forces and participants.
UNITED KINGDOM
Travelers should defer all travel to the UK, where movement restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic have been in place since March 23. The measures restrict non-essential movement, with exceptions for essential workrelated travel, medical needs, care-related activity, food shopping and physical exercise. Public gatherings of more than two people (excluding those one lives with) are banned. All restaurants, pubs, bars, cinemas, and leisure centers are closed. Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab said in a statement on April 16 that the lockdown measures would be extended for at least three more weeks, until May 7. Travelers in the country should abide by official directives.
Normal movement around Tower Bridge in London can resume after a police operation ended shortly after 1:00 PM local time. The bridge had earlier closed to traffic and pedestrians while officers investigated a suspicious package, which was subsequently declared harmless.
