On March 11, the World Health Organization officially classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, indicating that every location is likely to be affected, though the exact timing and impact cannot be predicted. Non-essential international and domestic travel should be deferred due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global logistical environment, healthcare systems in all locations, the global economy, the potential for second-order security issues in the short, medium and longer term, as well as the risk of infection with COVID-19. A new virus, SARS-CoV-2, is the cause of COVID-19 disease. The WHO is still learning about the virus and the illness it causes. The disease is spreading from person to person, through contact with infected respiratory droplets. The disease is a mild illness for most; however, it can be severe or fatal to high risk groups.
For more information on confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally, refer to the latest Situation Report on the World Health Organization (WHO) website by clicking here. For more general information on the outbreak and WHO’s response, click here.
TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS IMPLEMENTED WORLDWIDE
A number of countries have relaxed some restrictions that aimed to contain the spread of COVID-19. This includes the relaxation of restrictions on internal movement, reopening of businesses and a resumption of some domestic and international travel. Nevertheless, strict measures remain in place, or are being reimposed, in some locations where there is increasing case activity. In some locations all travel should continue to be deferred, while for others essential travel can resume after undertaking an individual risk assessment of the COVID-19 situation and entry restrictions, including the potential for sudden changes.
Countries around the world are implementing entry restrictions in an effort to contain the spread of COVID-19. For the most upto-date information on current entry restrictions, please visit IATA’s “Government Measures Related to Coronavirus (COVID19)” website by clicking here.
FROSCH TRAVEL RESOURCES
AMERICAS
UNITED STATES
Throughout December, travelers should continue to anticipate notable disruption to movement and business operations and abide by restrictions related to an ongoing spike in COVID-19 cases in much of the country. Authorities in many states have issued or strengthened existing mandates restricting public gatherings, interstate travel, and mobility. This tightening of restrictions is likely to continue throughout the country. Restrictions in some areas may last through the holiday season into 2021. Travelers should monitor announcements from local authorities.
CALIFORNIA
Travelers in Orange county, California over the coming days should anticipate disruption and reconfirm the status of routes due to the ongoing Bond Fire. The wildfire has spread to an area of nearly 11 square miles and is currently around 90% contained. All evacuation orders and warnings have been lifted.
HAWAII
Travelers should anticipate disruption and monitor developments in the coming hours following an eruption at the Kilauea volcano in the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The eruption occurred at around 9:30 local time on December 20, prompting the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) to raise the alert level to ‘Warning’ and the aviation code to ‘Red’ (the highest levels on a four-tier scale). Residents have also been encouraged to stay indoors and exercise caution due to volcanic ash in the southern part of the island. Travelers should monitor developments and follow all official directives.
US & CANADA
Authorities have extended the closure of the US-Canada border to non-essential travel (i.e., for recreation and tourism purposes) until January 21, 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-border freight movement is still permitted. Travelers should defer all travel to Canada, unless coming directly from the US for essential purposes or otherwise exempted from COVID-19-related restrictions. Travelers should defer non-essential travel to the US, where COVID-19 restrictions remain in effect.
ARGENTINA
Travelers in Buenos Aires on December 21 should plan journeys bypassing a protest organized by tourism workers. Participants will gather outside the National Institute of Tourism at 10:00 AM local time to demand monetary aid due to the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Demonstrators will subsequently march along Avenida 9 de Julio to Plaza de la Republica, where they will hold a rally. The demonstration is expected to pass off peacefully but may result in local travel disruption.
ECUADOR
Throughout December, travelers in Guayaquil should anticipate heightened security amid an ongoing police operation to combat a recent increase in violent crime. 500 police officers have been deployed to the city to focus on crimes associated with drug trafficking and territory control. Authorities are also considering deploying the National Guard. Travelers should monitor developments and abide by all official directives. Police operations can develop into confrontations with criminal groups, which would pose incidental risks to bystanders.
HAITI
Throughout December, travelers in Haiti, particularly Port-au-Prince, should anticipate disruption and avoid demonstrations associated with upcoming Presidential, Legislative, and Local Elections to be held in January. While President Jovenel Moise confirmed that elections will take place in January, a specific date has not been announced. Opposition elements in the country have denounced the notion of holding elections while Moise remains in power. The protracted political crisis has caused many unruly demonstrations, which are likely to continue in the lead-up to and in the aftermath of the elections.
Throughout December, travelers in Port-au-Prince and nearby areas should exercise caution and minimize nonessential movement amid heightened police operations targeting criminal gangs in the city’s south. Several police operations have recently occurred in the Bicentennaire neighborhood, near the southern entrance to the city. On December 16, a police raid reportedly involved members of the armed forces. Previous such operations have resulted in prolonged shootouts, posing significant incidental risk to bystanders. Authorities have indicated the operations will persist in the short-term.
HONDURAS
Travelers due to travel via Ramon Villeda Morales International Airport (SAP), which serves San Pedro Sula, should reconfirm flights and make alternative transport arrangements. Flooding and damage linked to the recent passage of weather systems, including tropical storms Eta and Iota, has prompted the closure of the airport until at least December 31. Local reports suggest the closure may persist into January-February 2021. All scheduled flights are being rerouted to other Honduran airports.
URUGUAY
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to Uruguay and monitor developments following the extension of entry restrictions. Authorities from December 21 will extend the closure of air, land, and sea borders to foreign travelers until January 10, 2021. This measure does not apply to Uruguayan nationals and permanent residents who have purchased a travel ticket prior to December 16. All international travelers able to enter the country are required to present a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test upon arrival.
VENEZUELA
Travelers in Venezuela over the coming weeks should continue to anticipate and avoid demonstrations linked to the recent National Assembly (Parliament) elections, due to the risk of unrest. President Nicolas Maduro’s United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) won a large majority in the December 6 polls, which were boycotted by the main opposition parties. Opposition activists have called for a national day of protest on December 12. Demonstrations carry a significant risk of unrest, including potential clashes between participants and security forces and/or progovernment paramilitaries. In-country travelers should exercise caution and minimize movement during such events.
AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
All travel outside Bangui should be deferred amid ongoing clashes between rebel groups and security forces in Ombella-M’Poko Prefecture. On December 18, at least four security force personnel were killed during clashes with militia groups in Yaloke. Anti-Balaka and other rebel groups are continuing to advance on the city of Bossembele ahead of Presidential Elections on December 27. Militia presence, such as that of the 3R rebel group, has also been reported in Bozoum.
CHAD
Throughout December, travelers in Kabbia Department should abide by a local curfew following recent communal violence. Dozens were killed on November 23-25 in fighting between farmers and semi-nomadic cattle herders. Although a reconciliation ceremony took place on December 1, local authorities have extended the 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time curfew through December 15.
DJIBOUTI
Essential travel to Djibouti can resume with stringent precautions and flexible itineraries. International commercial flights have gradually resumed, and most domestic restrictions have been lifted. Incoming travelers should present a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result issued within 120 hours of their arrival. While there is no mandatory quarantine for visitors, those aged over 11 years must undergo a COVID-19 test upon arrival. They must then remain in the airport until the results become available. Travelers should also be aware of potential entry restrictions in other countries when departing Djibouti. Additionally, restrictions may be reimposed in Djibouti at short notice.
ETHIOPIA
Tigrayan airspace was reopened to commercial operations on December 14, while the federal government announced a partial restoration of communications and power infrastructure. Essential travel to Ethiopia can proceed, though travelers should continue to monitor developments related to the ongoing conflict between the federal government and authorities in Tigray. All domestic travel to Amhara and Tigray should be deferred. Isolated clashes between federal and Tigray People’s Liberation Front forces will likely persist although a renewed deterioration of the security environment is not anticipated. Clashes will continue to be concentrated in Tigray while cross-border incidents could arise in Amhara, Eritrean border areas, and Eritrea’s capital, Asmara.
Travelers in Ethiopia should exercise caution and maintain vigilance following a fatal explosion on December 20 in Addis Ababa. At least three people were killed, and five others injured, as a result of the incident. The explosion took place in the vicinity of a local mosque in the Lideta area of the capital. No group or individual has yet claimed responsibility. The incident highlights the underlying risk of militancy in Ethiopia.
KENYA
Travelers in Kenya from December 21 should anticipate disruption during protests linked to an indefinite nationwide strike by members of the KMPDU medical practitioners’ union. The industrial action, over working conditions, was initially scheduled to begin on December 7 but was suspended to facilitate talks. Precedents indicate demonstrations may take place at hospitals and medical facilities during the strike, resulting in local disruption. Scuffles that could pose incidental risks to bystanders are possible if such gatherings are forcibly dispersed.
Suspected members of the Somalia-based Islamist extremist al-Shabab group ambushed a police vehicle in Nyongoro’s Lango La Simba area on the morning of December 20. The vehicle was escorting passenger buses between Lamu and Garsen. Heavy exchange of gunfire was reported, though police said there were no casualties. The attack came a few hours after clashes between suspected militants and security forces overnight on December 19-20 in Wajir county. These incidents reflect the need to avoid non-essential journeys to the high travel risk counties bordering Somalia, including Garissa, Lamu, Mandera and Wajir. Travelers undertaking essential travel there should avoid road journeys wherever possible.
ISRAEL
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers anticipate further protests against Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu amid an ongoing political impasse. The ruling coalition has until December 23 to reach a budget deal to avoid triggering fresh General Elections in 2021. Netanyahu’s opponents have accused him of attempting to delay an agreement as a means to extend his time in power. At least 2000 people participated in a protest in Jerusalem calling for his resignation on December 12. Further gatherings are likely around Netanyahu’s residence and other main squares. Travelers should expect related disruption on Route 1 between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
LEBANON
Throughout December, travelers should avoid further protests over the potential removal of subsidies on some imported basic goods. Related protests have occurred since December 7 in Beirut, Tripoli, and Sidon. The removal of subsidies, and subsequent increase in prices, is expected to heighten anti-government unrest and crime rates against the backdrop of heightened political instability and a deepening economic crisis. Although several professional groups have threatened to stage a general strike from December 16-17, the plans so far have not received universal support. The Lebanese Teachers’ Union has called for a general strike on December 17 over salary-related issues.
MOROCCO
On December 22, travelers in Rabat should avoid a union-led sit-in demonstration scheduled to start at 11:00 AM local time at the Ministry of Education. The event is being organized over employment conditions and the government’s policies towards the education sector. Related protests were staged in several cities across the country on November 22, including in Rabat, Fez and Casablanca, where demonstrators were reportedly arrested following scuffles with police. Associated gatherings may be forcibly dispersed by police, posing incidental risks to bystanders.
NAMIBIA
Essential travel to Namibia can resume with stringent precautions and flexible itineraries. International commercial flights have gradually resumed and most domestic restrictions have been lifted. Arriving foreign nationals must present a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test taken within 72 hours of their departure. No quarantine measures are in place upon arrival, except for arriving travelers not carrying a negative PCR. Travelers should also be aware of potential entry restrictions in other countries when departing Namibia. Restrictions may be reimposed at short notice.
NIGER
Through December 27, travelers in Niger are reminded of the persistent risks posed by militancy and the need to adopt stringent precautions. At least 27 people were killed on December 13 during an incursion by suspected members of the Nigerian Islamist extremist group Boko Haram against Toumour. On December 3-4, armed militants attacked a military outpost near La Tapoa. An increase in attacks is likely ahead of the December 27 Presidential and Legislative Elections, particularly in rural and border areas. Heightened vigilance should be exercised in Niamey and Diffa.
NIGERIA
Travelers in Lagos should expect significant travel disruption during repair work on the Third Mainland Bridge that began on November 21, and plan journeys accordingly. Until February 22, the Adekunle to Adeniji Adele end section of the island inbound lane of the bridge will be partially closed, during which traffic will be diverted.
Travelers in Port Harcourt in the coming hours should avoid all anti-police brutality demonstrations due to the credible risk of unrest. Reports indicate the protests along Ada-George Road erupted after a policeman harassed a commercial bus driver, shattering his windscreen. Commercial bus drivers have blocked the entire Ada-George Road to protest police brutality. The road blockage is causing significant delays in the surrounding area. Further protests are likely throughout the day. Police have used live ammunition to disperse previous gatherings, posing incidental risks to bystanders.
Fresh militant attacks in Borno state on December 18 underscore the extreme risks associated with journeys to the region, and the need to avoid all travel there. At least three people were killed, and two others injured, in a suicide bombing in the town of Konduga, located approximately 20 miles from Maiduguri. In a separate incident, 35 people were abducted by militants near Jakana village, while traveling along the road connecting Maiduguri and Damaturu.
SAMOA
Travelers in Samoa should continue to plan journeys accounting for disruption caused by severe weather. Heavy rain and significant flooding was reported on December 19, including in Apia. Landslides have also affected various areas. More than 50 people remain in evacuation centers. Heavy rain, flood, and marine advisories remain in effect; however, the Samoa Meteorology Division (SMD) has forecast that the weather conditions will improve on December 22.
Travelers should continue to defer travel to Samoa due to COVID-19-related restrictions. While several measures have been relaxed, an ongoing State of Emergency has been further extended until at least January 4, 2021. International flights remain suspended until further notice. Repatriation flights and flights approved by the Cabinet for exceptional circumstances are exempt.
SAUDI ARABIA
Travelers should reconfirm essential itineraries following the announcement on December 20 of new entry restrictions and requirements by the Saudi authorities. Entry through air, land, and sea borders will be suspended for one week beginning December 21. The suspension is subject to extension for another week. Foreign flights already in the country are allowed to depart. Travelers who have returned since December 8 from Europe and other countries affected by the latest COVID-19-related development are required to undergo home isolation for two weeks from the date of arrival. They also need to take COVID-19 tests every five days during the isolation period.
On December 19, authorities announced that three projectiles launched by the Yemen-based Houthi rebel group had been found in open spaces in Al-Harth, including near a local hospital; they did not result in any damage or casualties. While the Saudi Air Defense System remains capable of intercepting most projectiles launched by the Houthis, the latest incidents highlight the persistent risk of cross-border attacks. Travelers should exercise caution around potential targets, including government and military interests, energy infrastructure and airports.
SIERRA LEONE
Three cases of polio have been reported in Sierra Leone. Polio is a contagious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. It is spread through contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. The circulating vaccinederived poliovirus (cVDPV) strains can emerge in under-vaccinated populations. Travelers should prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccinations are up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
SOMALIA
Travelers in Somalia should monitor developments following an announcement on December 3 by President Donald Trump that US troops would withdraw from Somalia by January 15, 2021. The 700 US military personnel stationed in Somalia will be redeployed to neighboring countries. The announcement comes ahead of Somalia’s upcoming parliamentary and presidential elections tentatively set for December 2020 and February 2021 respectively. In-country travelers should exercise caution amid the possibility of an uptick in attacks by the Islamist extremist movement al-Shabab, particularly around election-related events.
SOUTH SUDAN
At least seven people were killed, and two others injured, during ethnic violence that occurred on December 14-19 in Tonj North county. The clashes have resulted in widespread displacement among the local population. Travelers are reminded of South Sudan’s extreme travel risks. They should avoid all travel to areas outside Juba and the Palouge oil field.
SUDAN
Travelers in Khartoum and other urban centers in the coming days should anticipate and avoid further protests due to the risk of local disruption and unrest. Nationwide commemorative gatherings on December 19 were attended by thousands of participants. In Omdurman, security forces dispersed protesters outside the former parliament building; one demonstrator was injured.
TUNISIA
Throughout December, travelers in Douz and Beni Khedache should expect heightened security and observe an ongoing curfew. On December 14, authorities imposed a night curfew from 4:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time until further notice. The decision followed clashes on December 12-13 in the town of Ain Skhouna over a land dispute. One person was killed, and several were injured in the violence.
UGANDA
Throughout December, travelers across Uganda, particularly Central and Western regions, should continue to avoid all electoral campaign rallies due to the risk of unrest. President Yoweri Museveni began his Presidential campaign in the Western region on December 7, starting from the city of Mbarara. The rallies were well attended and a heightened security forces presence was reported in surrounding areas. Travelers should continue to monitor developments and avoid related gatherings due to the credible risk of unrest.
ZAMBIA
Essential travel to Zambia can resume with stringent precautions and flexible itineraries. International commercial flights have gradually resumed, and most domestic restrictions have been lifted. Incoming travelers should present a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result issued no more than 14 days before their departure. While visitors do not need to quarantine or self-isolate upon arrival, returning residents are required to self-isolate at home for 14 days. Travelers should also be aware of potential entry restrictions in other countries when departing Zambia. Additionally, domestic restrictions may be reimposed in Zambia at short notice.
ASIA & THE PACIFIC
AFGHANISTAN
At least ten people on December 20 were killed, and 52 others, injured when a car bomb detonated in Kabul’s Khushal Khan area. The attack struck the convoy of parliamentarian Khan Mohammad Wardak, who was reportedly among the injured. No group has yet claimed responsibility. The incident highlights the persistent risk of militancy, the extreme travel risks in Afghanistan, and the need for dedicated security support when undertaking any movement.
AUSTRALIA
Through February, travelers should account for Fire Danger Warnings related to ongoing bushfires and follow all official directives. A Complete Fire Ban has been lifted from the affected areas in Queensland. Nonetheless, travelers should continue to maintain flexible itineraries and be prepared to defer or change travel plans, due to Fire Bans that may be imposed at short notice.
CHINA
Travelers in China, particularly northern, western and central areas, should plan journeys accounting for potential disruption during the ongoing winter season, which will last until March. Heavy snow, dense fog, and poor visibility may affect flight and train schedules at short notice, as well as impede road movement. Meanwhile, heavy smog, typically caused by pollution from increased coal use in winter, can result in poor visibility and related flight disruption. Adverse weather conditions can also interrupt power supply, particularly in smaller cities and rural areas.
HONG KONG
All travel to Hong Kong should be deferred amid further COVID-19-related quarantine measures. Beginning December 22, all travelers arriving from other countries outside China, including residents, are required to undergo a 14-day mandatory quarantine at government-designated hotels. Hong Kong authorities will also arrange transportation to transfer the travelers to selected properties.
INDIA
Travelers should anticipate travel disruption and maintain flexible itineraries during the ongoing winter season which will last until February. Dense fog and poor visibility can cause significant disruption to flights, train services, and road journeys. Northern and eastern states such as Asom, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Chandigarh, and Delhi, typically experience the worst of the adverse winter conditions. Major cities such as Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai, may also be affected.
Travelers are advised to defer all travel due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health care situation in the country. Cases of COVID-19 continue to occur across the country in large numbers. A number of cities have been significantly impacted, with the healthcare sector particularly affected. As a result of increased demand, only limited care may be available in both private and public medical systems. Travelers should defer all travel until the situation improves.
Since early October, the Air Quality Index (AQI) in the National Capital Region (NCR) intermittently recorded “Poor” to “Very Poor” levels on the Indian pollution measurement scale. Since then, air quality has been dipping frequently to “Severe” levels in some areas. Polluted air can cause symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and irritation of the eyes and nose. Young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and people with underlying heart and lung disease (high-risk groups) are particularly vulnerable. To lessen the risk of potential health problems, travelers are advised to reduce exposure by decreasing time and physical activity outdoors.
INDONESIA
Throughout December, travelers in Indonesia should plan journeys accounting for disruption caused by heavy rains and flooding. Heavy rains are forecast to affect various parts of the country throughout December, including Jakarta. Adverse weather conditions may cause flooding and landslides. More recently, flooding and landslides have occurred in several areas, including North Sumatra and Central Java provinces. Travelers should reconfirm the feasibility of journeys before setting out.
Travelers in Jakarta should abide by all official directives following the extension of transitional Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) until January 3, 2021. In addition, authorities have imposed further restrictions for the Christmas and New Year holiday period. Large gatherings in public places, including New Year’s Eve celebrations, have been prohibited. The operating hours of offices, dining and entertainment establishments, and tourist attractions have also been limited. Furthermore, people traveling to and from Jakarta, including via public transport, will be required to show a negative rapid antigen test result until January 8.
IRAQ
Travelers in Baghdad and southern governorates in the coming days should anticipate and avoid further antigovernment protests. Travelers should liaise with their security provider regarding the feasibility of movement. Thousands of protesters have staged demonstrations since December 17 in Baghdad, Basra, and other southern regions. A decision by the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) to devalue the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar is likely to increase the attendance at future protests, as is the parliamentary voting for the 2021 budget. The vote was postponed to an unspecified date due to allegations of leaked budgetary details.
Travelers in Baghdad over the coming hours should liaise with their dedicated security provider after multiple rockets were fired towards the International Zone (IZ, commonly known as the ‘Green Zone’) earlier on December 20. Initial reports indicate that the rockets were successfully intercepted by the US Embassy’s missile defense system. There have been no immediate reports of resulting casualties or damage.
Travelers in Basra governorate should liaise with their security provider regarding the feasibility of movement in the coming hours, due to ongoing governorate-wide protests. Demonstrators are reportedly burning tires, and travel disruption has been reported on the Basra Airport Highway, as well as roads leading to major oil fields and Umm Qasr Port. A heightened security force presence should be anticipated.
KYRGYZSTAN
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers should continue to exercise caution and avoid all gatherings related to planned Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, as well as the recent passing of a constitutional referendum bill. Presidential Elections are due to be held on January 10. The Parliamentary Elections rerun initially scheduled for December 20 has been postponed. The date will be set after the referendum on constitutional amendments, no later than June 1. On December 9, activists protested outside the Parliament building in Bishkek during the bill hearing. Travelers should closely monitor developments related to the elections.
NEPAL
Travelers should anticipate and avoid protests linked to the dissolution of Parliament on December 20, due to the potential for local unrest. Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli recommended the dissolution following an emergency meeting of his cabinet. The move was accepted by President Bidya Devi Bhandari, who announced that fresh Parliamentary elections would be held in two phases on April 30 and May 10, 2021. Reports indicate that authorities have placed security forces on high alert, amid concerns over potentially disruptive demonstrations.
NEW CALEDONIA
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to New Caledonia following the suspension of all international commercial flights to and from the country until further notice. Effective December 10, authorities have suspended all international commercial flights amid ongoing unrest in the country.
NEW ZEALAND
Through February 1, passengers transiting Kapiti Coast Airport (PPQ), which serves Paraparaumu, should monitor developments and continue to reconfirm the status of flights despite the resumption of operations at the facility. The airport will operate at reduced hours until February 1 due to staff shortages. Details are unavailable, but operating hours may depend on the availability of specialist staff. Further intermittent closures are possible. The airport was closed on December 13 following security threats posted on social media.
Travelers in Manawatu-Whanganui region in the coming days should monitor developments and follow all official directives amid increased volcanic activity at Mount Ruapehu. The GNS Science website has raised the volcanic alert state to Level 2 (the second lowest on a five-level warning system) due to reported volcanic tremors and an increase in the temperature of the crater lake. Authorities have also imposed a 1.2 mile exclusion zone around the crater. So far there are no reports of any disruption to airport services in the region, including Palmerston North Airport (PMR) and Whanganui Airport (WAG).
OMAN
Travelers should monitor developments and continue to defer travel in light of the announcement on December 21 of new entry restrictions by the Oman authorities. All entry through air, land, and sea borders will be suspended for one week starting from 1:00 AM local time on December 22. Authorities are liable to extend the suspension period as the COVID-19 situation develops.
PAKISTAN
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers should continue to closely monitor developments and avoid demonstrations by the opposition Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) coalition over risks of unrest. The PDM have announced a further 16 rallies, including a march to Islamabad in January or early February, although specific details have not been announced. A rally on December 13 at Minar-e-Pakistan in Lahore attracted thousands of peaceful participants despite COVID-19-related restrictions on gatherings. Such demonstrations are likely to be well attended, amid heightened security, which may lead to traffic disruption and local scuffles between police and protesters.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Throughout December, travelers should continue to monitor developments after Parliamentary developments on December 16. Earlier, 18 opposition ministers gave the incumbent government a majority in Parliament. The opposition has withdrawn its no-confidence motion against Prime Minister James Marape and the government passed its 2021 budget. Parliament has since been adjourned until April 2021. While demonstrations in support of either the government or the opposition have not yet been announced, short-notice gatherings remain possible. Flashpoints include the Morauta House, as well as Parliament House and Government House.
PHILIPPINES
Travelers in the Philippines over the coming days should continue to plan journeys accounting for residual disruption following the passage of former tropical depression Vicky. The weather system exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility on the afternoon of December 20. It first made landfall near Baganga on December 18 and subsequently near Puerto Princesa. Further moderate-to-heavy rain is forecast until at least December 21, potentially resulting in floods and landslides.
THAILAND
Over 700 people who have links to the Mahachai Seafood Market in Samut Sakhorn have tested positive for COVID19. Cases have also been detected in nearby provinces, including Bangkok. Travelers are advised to follow all official directives; to prevent infection, limit face-to-face interactions with other people as much as possible, pay attention to hygiene, wash hands frequently, and avoid touching your face. Wear a mask whenever required to and consider wearing a mask whenever in public. Do not travel if you are sick.
Travelers in Bangkok on December 21 should avoid a fresh anti-government protest due to the risk of local disruption. Demonstrators plan to gather at 10:00 AM local time outside the Bang Khen Police Station. Traffic disruption is likely in the area. While the gathering is expected to pass off peacefully, police are liable to employ tough crowd-control measures in the event of any disturbances, which pose incidental risks to bystanders.
TURKEY
Travelers on essential travel to Turkey should continue to monitor developments following the announcement on December 20 on inbound flights from certain countries. While inbound travel from most countries is unaffected, authorities have temporarily suspended all flights from Denmark, the Netherlands, South Africa, and the UK until further notice. Flights already en route are allowed to land, though arriving passengers will be subjected to COVID19 tests and an unspecified period of quarantine. Incoming travelers from these countries should reconfirm their itineraries, and those arriving in Turkey should follow all official directives.
UZBEKISTAN
Travelers in or traveling to Tashkent over the coming weeks should plan journeys accounting for disruption due to temporary road closures in the city’s central district during the holiday season. The measure is intended to facilitate a series of scheduled holiday events, including New Year’s Eve celebrations, and will remain in force until 12:00 AM local time on January 15, 2021. Significant traffic delays can be expected along alternative routes as motorists follow diversions. Some public transport services will also be affected within the central district. Travelers should anticipate heightened security, follow official directives, and allow additional time for travel.
VIETNAM
Throughout December, travelers in central and southern provinces should plan journeys accounting for disruption in areas affected by heavy rains and flooding. Persistent heavy rains since November 28 have flooded several areas in Khanh Hoa province. Authorities in Nha Trang evacuated around 2,400 people from residential zones due to flooding in low-lying areas. Disruption to road and rail services was also reported in Nha Trang and adjoining regions. The Khanh Le Pass and Nha Trang Railway Station remain blocked due to flooding. There have been four confirmed deaths in the province’s Van Ninh district.
Under a bilateral agreement, business travelers from South Korea visiting for less than 14 days from January 1, 2021 can enter Vietnam without undertaking the mandatory 14-day quarantine. Such travelers must show proof that they have tested negative for COVID-19 in the last five days, will undergo further tests, and have their health status monitored throughout their stay.
Travelers in southern provinces until at least December 24 should anticipate disruption during the passage of Tropical Storm Krovanh. According to the National Centre for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting (NCHMF), Krovanhis moving in a southwesterly direction towards Ca Mau and will pass through the province overnight on December 23-24. Although forecast to weaken into a tropical depression by December 22, Krovanh is expected to bring strong winds and heavy rain to affected areas. The NCHMF has issued a Level 3 disaster risk warning (middle on a five-tier scale) ahead of the storm’s passage. Short-notice transport disruption is possible, including at Ca Mau Airport (CAH).
WALLIS AND FUTUNA
An outbreak of dengue fever has been declared on Futuna. Dengue is spread mainly by mosquito bites. It can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, headache and a rash. Sometimes, dengue is severe and can have fatal complications. Infants, pregnant people, and those who have had dengue before are most likely to get severe infections. The main way to prevent dengue is by avoiding mosquito bites.
EUROPE
Throughout December, travelers in Armenia and Azerbaijan should continue to monitor developments following the signing of a peace agreement related to the conflict in the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. The agreement was signed overnight on November 9-10 by Armenia’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev, and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin; however, a ceasefire violation was reported in Nagorno-Karabakh on December 11. Both sides have traded accusations of violating the ceasefire. Additionally, protests calling for the resignation of Pashinyan have been ongoing in Yerevan following the announcement of the peace agreement. Travelers should monitor developments and avoid any related gatherings.
ARMENIA
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan has declared a three-day national mourning period beginning December 19 for the victims of the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict. Commemorative processions will take place in urban centers, including a march from Republic Square to the Yerablur Military Cemetery in Yerevan. Travelers in Armenia should anticipate disruption.
On December 22, travelers should anticipate disruption during a nationwide general strike organized by opposition parties. Participants in Yerevan will gather outside the Government House in Republic Square at 12:00 PM local time to demand the resignation of Prime Minsiter Nikol Pashinyan over a November deal to end fighting with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh. Protesters have blocked both road and rail traffic at previous demonstrations. While most recent gatherings have passed off peacefully, security forces may forcibly disperse crowds.
Throughout December, travelers should continue to monitor developments and follow all official directives following an amendment of the current martial law. The government announced the easing of several restrictions beginning December 3 and until further notice, which includes lifting the ban on protests, removing a special regime around entering and exiting the country, and easing restrictions on local media publications. Martial law was imposed in the country on September 27 following an escalation in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, and remains in effect despite the announcement.
Essential travel to Armenia can resume with stringent precautions and flexible itineraries. International commercial flights have gradually resumed, and most domestic restrictions have been lifted. Incoming travelers are required to take a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test on arrival at Zvartnots International Airport or the land border crossing from Georgia. They will remain in self-isolation until the results are received. Travelers may also produce a negative PCR result from a test taken within 72 hours prior to their departure and, following further screening on arrival, may not be subject to self-isolation. Travelers should also be aware of potential entry restrictions in other countries when departing Armenia. Additionally, restrictions may be reimposed at short notice.
BELARUS
Non-essential travel to Belarus should be deferred due to COVID-19-related restrictions. To control the spread of the disease, the government has ordered the temporary closure of land borders to outbound travel beginning at 12:01 AM local time on December 21 until further notice. The measure applies to Belarusian citizens and foreigners in possession of permanent and temporary residence permits, with certain exceptions allowed. Entry and exit to the country via airports will remain unrestricted, with foreign visitors permitted to enter subject to inbound travel restrictions.
BELGIUM
Travelers in Belgium should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. An ongoing curfew in Brussels and Wallonia region between 10:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time has been extended until at least January 15. A curfew between 12:01 AM and 5:00 AM is currently in place for the rest of the country.
DENMARK
Travelers in Denmark should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. Authorities imposed new measures in Copenhagen and 37 other municipalities until at least January 3. Such measures will be extended to another 31 municipalities from 4:00 PM local time on December 11. These include the closure of schools, restaurants and entertainment venues. Travel between regions remains permitted.
FRANCE
Throughout December, travelers should continue to anticipate and avoid further protests over controversial national security legislation due to the risk of local unrest. The largest demonstrations are likely to be held on Saturdays, but sporadic gatherings will also take place on other days. Most recently, 19 separate rallies occurred in urban centers across the country on December 11-12. Most such events cause limited disruption and pass off without major incident; however, precedents indicate that clashes between security forces and protesters, including far-left elements, are more likely to occur in major urban centers, particularly Paris.
GERMANY
Beginning December 16, Germany will go into a nationwide lockdown lasting through January 10. Non-essential shops and non-takeaway eating joints are required to close. Private meetings cannot exceed more than five people from two households. Rules will be slightly relaxed on December 24-26 for Christmas, allowing for up to four additional family members from other households to meet indoors.
Through December 28, travelers in Saxony should abide by official directives following the imposition of new restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten out of 13 counties in the state so far have recorded more than 200 new infections per 100,000 inhabitants per week. In these counties, residents are only allowed to leave their accommodation for essential purposes.
GREECE
Through January 7, travelers in Greece should continue to abide by COVID-19-related restrictions. The nationwide lockdown has been extended through January 7. Non-essential businesses, including restaurants, bars and sports venues, will remain closed during this period. Non-essential movement between regions is prohibited. A curfew remains in place from 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Beginning December 18, international travelers arriving in the country will have to self-quarantine for ten days.
Travelers in Athens on December 22 should plan journeys accounting for disruption during a protest organized by the Workers Union of West Attica. Participants will gather at 4:30 PM local time at the Ministry of Labor to denounce working conditions amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
SPAIN
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers should continue to plan journeys bypassing further protests over a controversial education law to minimize delays. The “Mas Plurales” alliance of student associations, labor unions, and civil society groups have held a series of well-attended gatherings and protest convoys. These have passed off peacefully, but significant traffic disruption was reported, including in Madrid. The movement intends to stage a series of fresh nationwide demonstrations on December 20.
UKRAINE
Travelers in Ukraine should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. On December 9, Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced the imposition of nationwide lockdown restrictions from January 8 to 24. Only grocery stores, pharmacies (including veterinary pharmacies), financial institutions, transport hubs, hotels, post offices, gas stations, and hair and beauty salons will be permitted to operate. Restrictions include a ban on mass gatherings. The nationwide adaptive quarantine has also been extended until February 28.
Travelers in Kyiv on December 22 should avoid a protest by business owners from 1:00 PM local time at Independence Square. Clashes between demonstrators and security forces occurred at the same venue on December 19. The latter reportedly used batons to disperse participants, injuring at least 70 people.
UNITED KINGDOM
From December 24 through January 3, travelers planning rail travel to or from London should account for disruption at Kings Cross Station due to maintenance work. No trains will run via the station on December 25-30, though replacement bus services will be available. Services will also operate on reduced schedules on December 24, as well as December 31 through January 3.
Travelers in the UK should monitor developments and abide by all government guidelines related to the country’s withdrawal from the EU. Following the end of the transition period on December 31, new entry and exit restrictions will come into effect from January 1, 2021. These changes are expected to increase border-crossing delays due to stricter document-checking procedures and will impact the requirements of EU citizens relocating in the UK. Travelers in the EU should remain apprised of wider policy adjustments, including changes to mobile phone services and travel insurance policies, as well as access to the National Health Service (NHS).
New travel restrictions and lockdown measures have been put in place following the rapid spread and discovery of a new strain of the coronavirus, which is thought to be more than 70% more infectious. The new variant of COVID-19 originates in southeast England and has been identified in Denmark, the Netherlands and in Australia according to the World Health Organization.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson on December 19 announced new COVID-19-related restrictions. Tier 4 (‘Stay At Home’; highest level of a four-tier system), under which travel is only allowed for essential purposes such as work, now includes all of London and several parts of southeastern and eastern England. Meanwhile, local authorities have placed all of Wales under lockdown, while a similar measure will begin in Scotland on December 26. Travel between Scotland and the rest of the UK is currently prohibited. Restrictions are subject to frequent change. Travelers should abide by official directives.
Travelers due to travel to and from the UK in the coming days should reconfirm itineraries after multiple countries announced new travel restrictions in the wake of recent developments involving COVID-19. Countries throughout the EU, as well as additional countries around the world, have banned flights to and from the UK temporarily, with more countries considering implementing such measures. Eurostar has suspended all trains between London, Brussels, and Amsterdam.
- Argentina: Flights from the UK to Buenos Aires have been cancelled as of December 21.
- Austria: Air travel to and from the UK is prohibited.
- Belgium: Travelers arriving from the UK by train or flight will be blocked for 24 hours, effective 12:00 AM local time on December 21.
- Bulgaria: Flights to and from the UK are suspended through the end of January 2021. Travelers from the UK are required to partake in a 10-day quarantine upon arrival.
- Canada: Most air travel from the UK has been banned, effective 12:00 AM local time on December 21 until at least December 24.
- Chile: All flights to and from the UK will be suspended as of December 22. Travelers who have been in the UK in the last 14 days are required to self-quarantine.
- Colombia: All flights to and from the UK are suspended as of December 21. Upon entering Colombia, travelers who have been in the UK in the last 14 days will be required to self-quarantine.
- Czech Republic: Travelers arriving from the UK are subject to a mandatory 10-day quarantine.
- Denmark: Flights from the UK are banned until December 23.
- Estonia: Flights from the UK are banned until January 1, 2021.
- France: All travel to and from the UK is suspended through December 23 at 12:00 AM local time. The Port of Dover and Eurotunnel are closed.
- Germany: Flights to and from the UK are suspended effective December 20.
- Hong Kong: Flights cancelled as of 12:00 AM local time on December 21. Travelers from the UK arriving prior to December 22 are mandated to quarantine for 21 days.
- India: Flights will be cancelled as of December 23. Travelers arriving from Britain prior to December 23 will be tested on arrival at airports.
- Iran:
- Ireland: All flights from Britain have been banned through December 22. All travel to Ireland, including by land or sea, is discouraged; ferry services to the UK have been cancelled.
- Israel: Incoming flights from Britain, Denmark, and South Africa are currently banned, as are foreign nationals from the aforementioned countries
- Italy: Flights to and from the UK have been suspended. Travelers who have visited Britain in the last 14 days are also banned.
- Japan: Entry from Britain is already banned in principle.
- Latvia: Flights from the UK are banned until January 1, 2021.
- Portugal: Only Portuguese nationals will be allowed entry to the country on flights from the UK. Travelers will need present a negative COVID-19 test result.
- Saudi Arabia: All international flights, as well as entry through land and sea ports, is suspended until December 28.
- South Korea: Effective immediately, travelers arriving from Britain will be required to present two negative COVID-19 test results before being released from the mandatory 14-day quarantine.
- Taiwan: No plans to cancel flights from the UK currently. Mandatory 14-day quarantine in effect for all travelers.
- The Netherlands: Flights and ferry services from the UK are banned until January 1, 2021.
- Turkey: Flights from the UK, South Africa, the Netherlands, and Denmark are currently banned.
