On March 11, the World Health Organization officially classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, indicating that every location is likely to be affected, though the exact timing and impact cannot be predicted. Non-essential international and domestic travel should be deferred due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global logistical environment, healthcare systems in all locations, the global economy, the potential for second-order security issues in the short, medium and longer term, as well as the risk of infection with COVID-19. A new virus, SARS-CoV-2, is the cause of COVID-19 disease. The WHO is still learning about the virus and the illness it causes. The disease is spreading from person to person, through contact with infected respiratory droplets. The disease is a mild illness for most; however, it can be severe or fatal to high risk groups.
For more information on confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally, refer to the latest Situation Report on the World Health Organization (WHO) website by clicking here. For more general information on the outbreak and WHO’s response, click here.
TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS IMPLEMENTED WORLDWIDE
A number of countries have relaxed some restrictions that aimed to contain the spread of COVID-19. This includes the relaxation of restrictions on internal movement, reopening of businesses and a resumption of some domestic and international travel. Nevertheless, strict measures remain in place, or are being reimposed, in some locations where there is increasing case activity. In some locations all travel should continue to be deferred, while for others essential travel can resume after undertaking an individual risk assessment of the COVID-19 situation and entry restrictions, including the potential for sudden changes.
Countries around the world are implementing entry restrictions in an effort to contain the spread of COVID-19. For the most upto-date information on current entry restrictions, please visit IATA’s “Government Measures Related to Coronavirus (COVID19)” website by clicking here.
FROSCH TRAVEL RESOURCES
AMERICAS
UNITED STATES
Throughout December, travelers should continue to anticipate notable disruption to movement and business operations and abide by restrictions related to an ongoing spike in COVID-19 cases in much of the country. Authorities in many states have issued or strengthened existing mandates restricting public gatherings, interstate travel, and mobility. This tightening of restrictions is likely to continue throughout the country. Restrictions in some areas may last through the holiday season into 2021. Travelers should monitor announcements from local authorities.
CALIFORNIA
Travelers in Orange county, California over the coming days should anticipate disruption and reconfirm the status of routes due to the ongoing Bond Fire. The wildfire has spread to an area of nearly 11 square miles and is currently around 90% contained. All evacuation orders and warnings have been lifted.
WINTER STORM GAIL
Through December 17, travelers in the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions should plan journeys accounting for disruption during the passage of Winter Storm Gail. The National Weather Service has issued a Winter Storm Warning for Washington DC, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Delaware, and Massachusetts. Six to 12 inches of snow and strong winds are forecast in some areas. Heavy snow, strong winds, and sleet may cause dangerous road conditions. The storm may trigger road closures, flooding, flight disruption, and power outages. Travelers should reconfirm the status of routes and flights before setting out.
CHILE
Travelers in urban centers on December 10 should avoid anti-government protests due to the risk of unrest. Various activist groups are demanding the release of demonstrators arrested during the October 2019 protests over subway fare hikes. Protesters will gather at 11:00 AM local time at the Plaza de la Constitucion in Santiago; related rallies are expected to take place in other urban centers. Anti-government protests frequently turn violent, often involving the use of tough crowd-control measures and clashes between protesters and security forces.
ECUADOR
Throughout December, travelers in Guayaquil should anticipate heightened security amid an ongoing police operation to combat a recent increase in violent crime. 500 police officers have been deployed to the city to focus on crimes associated with drug trafficking and territory control. Authorities are also considering deploying the National Guard. Travelers should monitor developments and abide by all official directives. Police operations can develop into confrontations with criminal groups, which would pose incidental risks to bystanders.
HAITI
Throughout December, travelers in Haiti, particularly Port-au-Prince, should anticipate disruption and avoid demonstrations associated with upcoming Presidential, Legislative, and Local Elections to be held in January. While President Jovenel Moise confirmed that elections will take place in January, a specific date has not been announced. Opposition elements in the country have denounced the notion of holding elections while Moise remains in power. The protracted political crisis has caused many unruly demonstrations, which are likely to continue in the lead-up to and in the aftermath of the elections.
Travelers in Port-au-Prince on December 10 should anticipate disruption and avoid a planned march to denounce widespread violence and government corruption. The event, coinciding with International Human Rights Day, will begin at 10:00 AM local time at the Constitution Plaza, and participants will make various stops before rallying in front of the Minister of Justice building.
HONDURAS
Travelers due to travel via Ramon Villeda Morales International Airport (SAP), which serves San Pedro Sula, should reconfirm flights and make alternative transport arrangements. Flooding and damage linked to the recent passage of weather systems, including tropical storms Eta and Iota, has prompted the closure of the airport until at least December 31. Local reports suggest the closure may persist into January-February 2021. All scheduled flights are being rerouted to other Honduran airports.
MEXICO
Through December 18, travelers in Tamaulipas should continue to plan journeys accounting for disruption due to an ongoing blockade along Highway 81 near kilometer 41. The highway connects Tampico and Victoria City. Demonstrations are being led by workers from the sugarcane industry. On December 11, the state Governor asked the federal government to deploy the National Guard to intervene in the situation; the blockades have been in place for nearly two weeks. Travelers in the vicinity of the protests should monitor developments and reconfirm the status of routes before setting out.
PERU
Through December 18, travelers in the Cusco region should anticipate disruption and reconfirm itineraries amid ongoing protests linked to an indefinite strike affecting rail travel. PeruRail has suspended services on the CuscoMachu Picchu Line. Rail operations have been disrupted since December 9 due to the protests. On December 11, demonstrators seized the Machu Picchu Train Station. Protesters have erected barricades at multiple points along the route to the World Heritage Site. They are demanding lower rail fares and an increase in availability of rail services for local national tourists.
Through December 18, travelers in central and southern regions should plan journeys accounting for disruption amid heavy rainfall and potential floods and landslides. The National Service of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru has issued Yellow and Orange Warnings (first and second on a three-tier scale) for several departments through December 16. Some of the affected areas include Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cusco, Huancavelica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Martin, Tumbes, and Ucayali.
VENEZUELA
Travelers in Venezuela over the coming weeks should continue to anticipate and avoid demonstrations linked to the recent National Assembly (Parliament) elections, due to the risk of unrest. President Nicolas Maduro’s United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) won a large majority in the December 6 polls, which were boycotted by the main opposition parties. Opposition activists have called for a national day of protest on December 12. Demonstrations carry a significant risk of unrest, including potential clashes between participants and security forces and/or progovernment paramilitaries. In-country travelers should exercise caution and minimize movement during such events.
AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST
ANGOLA
Travelers in urban centers in the coming weeks should anticipate and avoid further anti-government demonstrations. The ruling People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) party ostensibly does not have the capacity, or willingness, to address protesters’ demands; this is liable to trigger further protests and associated unrest. On December 10, a well-attended protest amid heightened security occurred in Luanda; the event passed off peacefully. Earlier, protests that broke out in several cities on November 11-12 were forcibly dispersed by police, with live ammunition reportedly used. The use of forcible dispersal measures by security forces during protests underlines the indirect risks to bystanders.
BAHRAIN
On December 17, travelers should anticipate disruption around Martyrs’ Day. The government recognized the day as a public holiday in 2015, honoring security force members killed while defending the kingdom; however, segments of the Shia Muslim population are planning gatherings to commemorate the 1994 killing of two demonstrators by security forces. Such gatherings are particularly likely in neighborhoods on the outskirts of Manama. Travelers should anticipate a heightened security force presence, particularly along key routes and in public squares, and abide by COVID-19-related restrictions, as any unauthorized gatherings may be forcibly dispersed by authorities.
CAMEROON
The provisional results of the recent regional elections were released on December 9, showing an overwhelming victory by the ruling Democratic Rally of the Cameroonian People (RDPC), which won nine out of ten regions. Adamawa region was won by the National Union for Democracy and Progress (UNDP). Although the electoral period has thus far remained generally peaceful, there have been a few isolated incidents of violence. Travelers should continue to exercise caution and avoid all associated gatherings due to the risk of local unrest, as the elections and the results are unlikely to pacify separatists in Northwest and Southwest regions.
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Travelers across the Central African Republic, particularly Bangui, should exercise caution during the official campaign period for the December 27 General Elections, set to take place on December 12-25. The decision by the Constitutional Court to invalidate several candidates has heightened tensions in the country. Former President Francois Bozize (in office 2003-2013), who is currently in his hometown of Bossangoa, has been excluded from running in the presidential polls. His return to Bangui is a key trigger for unrest. All related political gatherings should be avoided, and travelers should monitor the security situation in their location on a daily basis.
Several cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have been detected this year. Polio is a contagious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. It is spread through contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. The circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) strains can emerge in undervaccinated populations. Travelers are advised to prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccination is up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
CHAD
Throughout December, travelers in Kabbia Department should abide by a local curfew following recent communal violence. Dozens were killed on November 23-25 in fighting between farmers and semi-nomadic cattle herders. Although a reconciliation ceremony took place on December 1, local authorities have extended the 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time curfew through December 15.
Cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have been detected in several regions of the country. Polio is a contagious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. It is spread through contaminated food or water, or directly from an infected person. The circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) strains can emerge in under-vaccinated populations. Travelers are advised to prevent infection by ensuring polio vaccination is up to date, including a booster, and selecting safe food and water.
CONGO (DRC)
Through December 18, travelers in Goma should anticipate and avoid further protests over insecurity due to the risk of unrest. No details of any future gatherings have yet been released; however, residents in the Majengo and Buhene districts erected roadblocks to denounce the killing of a currency trader hours. Reports indicate that police used live ammunition to disperse demonstrators. While the situation is now calmer, police continue to maintain a strong presence across Goma. Fresh gatherings are likely to elicit a similar response, posing incidental risks to bystanders.
DJIBOUTI
Essential travel to Djibouti can resume with stringent precautions and flexible itineraries. International commercial flights have gradually resumed, and most domestic restrictions have been lifted. Incoming travelers should present a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result issued within 120 hours of their arrival. While there is no mandatory quarantine for visitors, those aged over 11 years must undergo a COVID-19 test upon arrival. They must then remain in the airport until the results become available. Travelers should also be aware of potential entry restrictions in other countries when departing Djibouti. Additionally, restrictions may be reimposed in Djibouti at short notice.
On December 17, travelers in Djibouti City should plan journeys bypassing a pro-government rally. Participants will gather at 2:00 PM local time at Gouled Stadium to commend the government’s commitment in encouraging youth development. The Djibouti National Police may be deployed in the area to maintain order and divert traffic. The event is likely to pass off peacefully, though travel disruption is likely.
ETHIOPIA
Tigrayan airspace was reopened to commercial operations on December 14, while the federal government announced a partial restoration of communications and power infrastructure. Essential travel to Ethiopia can proceed, though travelers should continue to monitor developments related to the ongoing conflict between the federal government and authorities in Tigray. All domestic travel to Amhara and Tigray should be deferred. Isolated clashes between federal and Tigray People’s Liberation Front forces will likely persist although a renewed deterioration of the security environment is not anticipated. Clashes will continue to be concentrated in Tigray while cross-border incidents could arise in Amhara, Eritrean border areas, and Eritrea’s capital, Asmara.
GHANA
On December 16, travelers in Techiman should exercise caution and anticipate heightened security during a visit by opposition National Democratic Congress party Presidential candidate John Dramani Mahama. Political tensions remain high as Mahama continues to reject the results of the December 7 election, confirmed by the Electoral Commission on December 9. Although the event will likely pass off peacefully, it may attract large crowds, causing local disruption. This is mostly likely near Holy Family Hospital, Electoral Commission facilities and political party offices.
ISRAEL
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers anticipate further protests against Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu amid an ongoing political impasse. The ruling coalition has until December 23 to reach a budget deal to avoid triggering fresh General Elections in 2021. Netanyahu’s opponents have accused him of attempting to delay an agreement as a means to extend his time in power. At least 2000 people participated in a protest in Jerusalem calling for his resignation on December 12. Further gatherings are likely around Netanyahu’s residence and other main squares. Travelers should expect related disruption on Route 1 between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
LEBANON
Through December 18, travelers in Beirut should anticipate and avoid further demonstrations over an ongoing trial linked to the August 4 port explosion. The latest gathering will occur at 6:00 PM local time on December 17 outside the residence of the lead judicial investigator in Achrafieh district. Participants are demanding an independent judiciary and the prosecution of those involved in the blast. Previous demonstrations have also occurred near Palais de Justice.
Throughout December, travelers should avoid further protests over the potential removal of subsidies on some imported basic goods. Related protests have occurred since December 7 in Beirut, Tripoli, and Sidon. The removal of subsidies, and subsequent increase in prices, is expected to heighten anti-government unrest and crime rates against the backdrop of heightened political instability and a deepening economic crisis. Although several professional groups have threatened to stage a general strike from December 16-17, the plans so far have not received universal support. The Lebanese Teachers’ Union has called for a general strike on December 17 over salary-related issues.
LIBERIA
Travelers in Liberia should continue to closely monitor developments and avoid all gatherings linked to the December 8 Senatorial Election and Constitutional Referendum. Major political opposition parties have formed the Collaborating Political Parties (CPP) alliance to boost their chances of securing a majority against the ruling Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC). Clashes erupted on December 9 in Buchanan between rival supporters.
MALI
Travelers in urban centers should expect protests and associated disruption during a trade union strike on December 14-18. Labor unions, including the National Union of Workers of Mali (UNTM), have called for a second nationwide strike following industrial action on November 18-20 over a perceived lack of employment rights. While most events are likely to pass off peacefully, local unrest during demonstrations cannot be ruled out.
MOROCCO
Through December 18, travelers in Rabat should anticipate and plan journeys bypassing further gatherings over the government’s decision to normalize diplomatic relations with Israel. An unauthorized sit-in occurred on December 14 in front of the Parliament building, where security forces prevented demonstrators from reaching the main square. Travelers should expect further anti-government protests, and anticipate a heightened security presence, in the vicinity of the events.
NIGER
Through December 27, travelers in Niger are reminded of the persistent risks posed by militancy and the need to adopt stringent precautions. At least 27 people were killed on December 13 during an incursion by suspected members of the Nigerian Islamist extremist group Boko Haram against Toumour. On December 3-4, armed militants attacked a military outpost near La Tapoa. An increase in attacks is likely ahead of the December 27 Presidential and Legislative Elections, particularly in rural and border areas. Heightened vigilance should be exercised in Niamey and Diffa.
Travelers are reminded of the risks posed by militant activity in Tillaberi region, particularly in areas within 18 miles of the border with Burkina Faso. At least two people were killed overnight on December 3-4, and two soldiers are reported missing, following a militant attack on a military and forest outpost at La Tapoa. Travelers should have solid security arrangements for all road travel outside Niamey. An increase in attacks is likely ahead of the upcoming December 27 Presidential Elections. This will exacerbate the difficulties of an already challenging security environment for organizations operating in that region.
NIGERIA
On December 16, travelers in Lagos should anticipate severe disruption on the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway due to a gas leak. They should also avoid the vicinity of Arepo, where the gas leak has reportedly been discovered. People nearby are reportedly fleeing their cars and evacuating buildings for fear of an explosion.
Travelers in Lagos should expect significant travel disruption during repair work on the Third Mainland Bridge that began on November 21, and plan journeys accordingly. Until February 22, the Adekunle to Adeniji Adele end section of the island inbound lane of the bridge will be partially closed, during which traffic will be diverted.
Travelers are reminded of the need for stringent security precautions during essential travel to Kaduna, Katsina and Zamfara states following a reported increase in bandit attacks. In Kaduna, suspected bandits killed at least 16 people on December 8 on the Abuja-Kaduna Expressway. In Zamfara, at least four people were killed on December 5 in the Talata Mafara local government area (LGA). Most recently in Katsina, bandits attacked multiple villages in the Sabuwa LGA on November 28-29, killing at least seven people.
SENEGAL
Travelers in Dakar should anticipate and avoid further protests in the coming days in the vicinity of Cheikh Anta Diop University campus. On December 9, students, protesting against the non-payment of scholarships, blocked roads around the campus, including Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop. Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds; around 30 casualties were reported. Associated protests are liable to turn disruptive, and local unrest may occur during such gatherings.
SOMALIA
Travelers in Somalia should monitor developments following an announcement on December 3 by President Donald Trump that US troops would withdraw from Somalia by January 15, 2021. The 700 US military personnel stationed in Somalia will be redeployed to neighboring countries. The announcement comes ahead of Somalia’s upcoming parliamentary and presidential elections tentatively set for December 2020 and February 2021 respectively. In-country travelers should exercise caution amid the possibility of an uptick in attacks by the Islamist extremist movement al-Shabab, particularly around election-related events.
Through December 18, travelers in Mogadishu should reconfirm the feasibility of movement amid recent protests and plan journeys bypassing any further demonstrations due to the risk of unrest. On December 15, protests in Karan and Yaqshid districts resulted in at least four fatalities. A heavy security force presence and roadblocks on major routes were also reported across Mogadishu. Demonstrators are calling for free and fair elections. More gatherings are likely.
SOUTH SUDAN
At least 15 people were killed, and 28 others injured, on December 9 in clashes between three sections of the Gok community in Cueibet county. Social unrest is expected to continue in the coming days following the killing of highprofile members of the community during the clashes. Initial confrontations were reportedly driven by the revenge killing of a prison officer on December 8. Police forces in the area have reportedly defied orders and engaged in confrontations along tribal lines. State authorities have requested the national government to send reinforcements. The latest communal clashes and security forces’ limitations to assist highlight the extreme risks in South Sudan, as well as the need to avoid all travel outside of Juba and the Palouge oil field.
SUDAN
Through December 19, travelers in Khartoum and other urban centers should anticipate and avoid all gatherings marking the second anniversary of the beginning of a series of anti-government protests. Activist groups have called for demonstrations across all cities. The largest march is planned for December 19 in Atbara, where the 2018 protests began. Recent demonstrations were reported in several areas of Khartoum, including outside the public prosecution office, as well as in Damazin, the Al-Jerif East area of Khartoum North and Wad Madani. In Omdurman, clashes were reported between protesters and security forces, who used tear gas to disperse the crowds.
TUNISIA
On December 16, travelers in Tataouine should plan journeys bypassing a protest by National Guard personnel as a precaution and to minimize inconvenience. Demonstrators will gather outside the local National Guard headquarters to demand improved career opportunities for non-commissioned officers. Although the gathering should pass off peacefully, travelers should anticipate local disruption and plan journeys accordingly.
On December 18, travelers in Tunis should plan journeys bypassing a protest organized by the Tunisian General Labor Union. Activists are gathering at 3:00 PM local time outside the Assembly of the Representatives of the People to denounce all forms of violence throughout Tunisian society. Although the gathering is likely to be well attended, it is expected to pass off peacefully.
Throughout December, travelers in Douz and Beni Khedache should expect heightened security and observe an ongoing curfew. On December 14, authorities imposed a night curfew from 4:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time until further notice. The decision followed clashes on December 12-13 in the town of Ain Skhouna over a land dispute. One person was killed, and several were injured in the violence.
UGANDA
Travelers across Uganda, particularly Central and Western regions, in the coming weeks should continue to avoid all electoral campaign rallies due to the risk of unrest. President Yoweri Museveni began his presidential campaign in the Western region on December 7, starting from the city of Mbarara. The rallies were well attended, and a heightened security forces presence was reported in surrounding areas. Travelers should continue to monitor developments and avoid related gatherings due to the credible risk of unrest.
ZIMBABWE
Travelers in Zimbabwe in the coming days should exercise caution and anticipate disruption due to heavy rain and possible flash flooding. According to the Zimbabwean Meteorological Department (MSD), poor weather conditions are expected across the country, including Harare. Heavy rain and flash flooding can disrupt road network throughout the country and increase the risk of road traffic accidents as road conditions may deteriorate, particularly in rural areas where infrastructure is poorer.
ASIA & THE PACIFIC
AUSTRALIA
Through December 18, travelers in coastal areas of Queensland and New South Wales should continue to plan journeys accounting for disruption caused by a low-pressure system off the coast of southeast Queensland. Though heavy rainfall in the coastal areas of New South Wales is expected to ease by December 16, flooding remains possible. The Bureau of Meteorology has issued Flood Warnings for parts of northern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland. An Evacuation Order is in place for Condong and Tumbulgum. Travelers should continue to follow all official directives, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Travelers in urban centers should plan journeys bypassing protests by the Extinction Rebellion (XR) environmentalist group until at least December 19 in order to minimize travel delays. Demonstrators are liable to block major roads, including in central business districts, during rush hour. An increased security force presence should be expected around gatherings.
Through February, travelers should account for Fire Danger Warnings related to ongoing bushfires and follow all official directives. A Complete Fire Ban has been lifted from the affected areas in Queensland. Nonetheless, travelers should continue to maintain flexible itineraries and be prepared to defer or change travel plans, due to Fire Bans that may be imposed at short notice.
BANGLADESH
Travelers should anticipate travel disruption and maintain flexible itineraries during the ongoing winter season, which usually lasts until February. Fog and associated poor visibility frequently causes flight delays and cancellations during this period. Such conditions may also affect road journeys. On December 9, flights at Dhaka’s Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC) and Chittagong’s Shah Amanat International Airport (CGP) were disrupted for several hours due to poor visibility. Travelers should reconfirm the status of flights and routes before setting out.
CHINA
Non-essential travel to areas of Chengdu, the Hulunbuir region, Mudanjiang, and Turpan, where COVID-19-related restrictions have been tightened to “medium” risk (middle on a three-tier scale), should be deferred. Travelers should confirm any remaining requirements at original locations and destinations when planning travel to and from other areas of Chengdu, Hulunbuir, Mudanjiang, and Turban.
FIJI
Through December 18, travelers in Fiji should minimize non-essential movement due to the passage of Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasa. The Category 5 cyclone (highest on a five-tier scale) is moving southeast towards Fiji and is forecast to pass over Viti Levu and Vanua Levu islands on the evening of December 17 as a Category 5 cyclone. Heavy rain and strong winds are expected across the country through December 18. Flights cancellations have been reported at Nadi (NAN) and Nausori (SUV) international airports. Significant infrastructure damage and disruption to essential services can be expected.
HONG KONG
Travelers in Hong Kong should continue to monitor developments amid rigorous police enforcement of the National Security Law (NSL) and against illegal assembly. Underlying tensions may drive small-scale gatherings organized by activist groups, which should be avoided as a precaution. There is also potential for hardline protesters to employ violent tactics. According to police, three men early on December 1 threw nine petrol bombs at a truck in the car park of the Police Sports and Recreation Club in Sham Shui Po. No casualties were reported.
INDIA
Travelers should anticipate travel disruption and maintain flexible itineraries during the ongoing winter season which will last until February. Dense fog and poor visibility can cause significant disruption to flights, train services, and road journeys. Northern and eastern states such as Asom, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Chandigarh, and Delhi, typically experience the worst of the adverse winter conditions. Major cities such as Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai, may also be affected.
Travelers are advised to defer all travel due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health care situation in the country. Cases of COVID-19 continue to occur across the country in large numbers. A number of cities have been significantly impacted, with the healthcare sector particularly affected. As a result of increased demand, only limited care may be available in both private and public medical systems. Travelers should defer all travel until the situation improves.
Through December 18, travelers in urban centers should continue to expect significant disruption amid ongoing farmers’ protests over new agriculture laws. The groups protesting in the National Capital Region have called for further intensification of their protest campaign on December 16 by completely blocking the Chilla border point between New Delhi and Noida. Farmers’ groups have repeatedly rejected the government’s proposal to amend the laws. The Supreme Court will hear a plea on December 16 seeking immediate removal of the farmers’ group conducting road blockades at Delhi-NCR borders.
INDONESIA
On December 16, travelers in urban centers should avoid protests over the controversial Omnibus Law due to the risk of unrest and to minimize delays. The Confederation of All Indonesian Workers’ Union plans to hold a protest from 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM local time at the Constitutional Court in Jakarta. This comes ahead of a judicial review of the law at 2:00 PM local time. Similar protests will be held in 25 other provinces. Organizers claim the attendance at rallies will be limited to 300 people due to COVID-19 restrictions. Traffic disruption should be expected in the vicinity of protest venues.
Through December 18, travelers in the Morosi area of Konawe Regency should anticipate and avoid further protests over a labor dispute between a local trade union and a nickel smelting plant. Clashes between hundreds of protesters and security forces occurred on December 14 at the factory site in Morosi. The former set fire to vehicles and equipment, prompting the latter to respond with measures such as tear gas. Related demonstrations were held in July against the arrival of 200 workers from China. This resulted in disruption outside Kendari’s Haluoleo Airport (KDI) and scuffles with security forces.
Throughout December, travelers in Indonesia should plan journeys accounting for disruption caused by heavy rains and flooding. Heavy rains are forecast to affect various parts of the country throughout December, including Jakarta. Adverse weather conditions may cause flooding and landslides. More recently, flooding and landslides have occurred in several areas, including North Sumatra and Central Java provinces. Travelers should reconfirm the feasibility of journeys before setting out.
Throughout December, travelers in Jakarta should anticipate further protests over the detention of leader of the hardline Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) organization, Muhammad Rizieq Shihab. Rizieq will be detained at Jakarta’s police headquarters for questioning through December 31 on allegations that he organized events that broke COVID-19-related restrictions. Tensions between authorities and Rizieq’s supporters are expected to intensify and prompt further protests, especially in Jakarta. All related gatherings should be avoided due to risks of unrest and incidental violence.
KAZAKHSTAN
On December 16, travelers should anticipate a heightened security force presence and local disruption on Kazakhstan’s Independence Day. Celebrations are likely to be muted due to COVID-19-related restrictions; however, security forces arrested several people in 2019 at demonstrations held during Independence Day events in NurSultan and Almaty. On this occasion, protesters demanded political reforms and gathered to commemorate previous crackdowns. Any unauthorized protests that occur this year are likely to be dispersed forcefully by security forces, posing risks to bystanders.
KYRGYZSTAN
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers should continue to exercise caution and avoid all gatherings related to planned Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, as well as the recent passing of a constitutional referendum bill. Presidential Elections are due to be held on January 10. The Parliamentary Elections rerun initially scheduled for December 20 has been postponed. The date will be set after the referendum on constitutional amendments, no later than June 1. On December 9, activists protested outside the Parliament building in Bishkek during the bill hearing. Travelers should closely monitor developments related to the elections.
NEPAL
Through December 18, travelers in Kathmandu should anticipate disruption and avoid all demonstrations by farmers over allegations of unresolved payments. Demonstrators from across the country congregated at Maitighar Mandala on December 14 and more participants are expected to join the gathering. The protesters are demanding the implementation of the five-point agreement between sugarcane producers and the government, which guaranteed payments to farmers within a fixed time frame. Demonstrators may attempt to block roads and police may use tough measures to disperse crowds. Any unrest would pose incidental risks to bystanders.
NEW CALEDONIA
Through December 18, travelers in urban centers should continue to anticipate further protests over the planned sale of a large nickel plant in Goro. On December 14, demonstrators occupying the Goro mine site reportedly started fires, damaging several buildings. While the situation at the site remains stable and roadblocks along several major thoroughfares have been dismantled, tensions persist and further short-notice gatherings remain possible. Such gatherings should be avoided due to the risk of local unrest.
Travelers should continue to defer all travel to New Caledonia following the suspension of all international commercial flights to and from the country until further notice. Effective December 10, authorities have suspended all international commercial flights amid ongoing unrest in the country.
NEW ZEALAND
Through February 1, passengers transiting Kapiti Coast Airport (PPQ), which serves Paraparaumu, should monitor developments and continue to reconfirm the status of flights despite the resumption of operations at the facility. The airport will operate at reduced hours until February 1 due to staff shortages. Details are unavailable, but operating hours may depend on the availability of specialist staff. Further intermittent closures are possible. The airport was closed on December 13 following security threats posted on social media.
PAKISTAN
Through December 18, passengers transiting Jinnah International Airport (KHI) in Karachi and Allama Iqbal International Airport (LHE) in Lahore should anticipate disruption caused by dense fog and reconfirm flights accordingly. On December 14, several domestic and international flights serving the airports were delayed or cancelled because of low visibility. Such conditions are common during the winter season and further disruption is possible.
On December 19, travelers in urban centers should avoid protests by student groups due to the risk of unrest. In Hyderabad, participants will march from Naseem Nagar to the Hyderabad Press Club at 1:00 PM local time and in Karachi, participants will march from Regal Chowk to the Karachi Press Club at 2:00 PM local time. Similar events are likely in Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar, and Quetta. Such protests are expected to be well attended and cause disruption. Additionally, police may disperse the gatherings in line with COVID-19-related restrictions and a prohibition on large gatherings.
Throughout December, travelers in urban centers should continue to closely monitor developments and avoid demonstrations by the opposition Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) coalition over risks of unrest. The PDM have announced a further 16 rallies, including a march to Islamabad in January or early February, although specific details have not been announced. A rally on December 13 at Minar-e-Pakistan in Lahore attracted thousands of peaceful participants despite COVID-19-related restrictions on gatherings. Such demonstrations are likely to be well attended, amid heightened security, which may lead to traffic disruption and local scuffles between police and protesters.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Throughout December, travelers should continue to monitor developments after Parliamentary developments on December 16. Earlier, 18 opposition ministers gave the incumbent government a majority in Parliament. The opposition has withdrawn its no-confidence motion against Prime Minister James Marape and the government passed its 2021 budget. Parliament has since been adjourned until April 2021. While demonstrations in support of either the government or the opposition have not yet been announced, short-notice gatherings remain possible. Flashpoints include the Morauta House, as well as Parliament House and Government House.
THAILAND
Travelers in Bangkok over the coming hours should avoid the vicinity of Government House as a precaution. Protesters have gathered in the area to demand the scrapping of an industrial project in Chana district. While the demonstration is currently peaceful, and turnout is relatively low, any attempt by police to disperse the gathering is liable to result in local unrest. Significant traffic disruption has been reported on Phisanulok Road and Nakhon Ratchasima Road, where police have erected roadblocks to prevent would-be attendees from joining the protest.
Local media on December 9 reported that five men had been arrested on suspicion of involvement in the kidnapping of a Chinese businessman. The victim was abducted in Bangkok’s Watthana district on December 5, and later rescued from a resort in Suphan Buri province. Kidnappings of foreign nationals remain rare and are not reflective of the main security risks for business travelers in Thailand. Travelers should nevertheless remain vigilant and exercise caution when conducting business in the country.
TONGA
Through December 17, travelers should plan journeys accounting for residual disruption following the passage of Tropical Cyclone Zazu. The weather system has exited the island and is continuing southeast as a Category 1 tropical cyclone (lowest on a five-tier scale). The Heavy Rain, Extreme High Tide, and Flash Flood advisories earlier issued by the Tonga Meteorological Services have since been lifted. A Strong Wind Warning remains in place for Ha’apai, Tongatapu, and ‘Eua islands. No significant damage has been reported in the immediate aftermath of the storm’s passage.
TURKEY
Travelers in Turkey are reminded of the need to exercise vigilance and minimize time spent around potential targets for militant attacks following recent foiled terror plots and the arrests of suspected militants. On December 10, a militant suspected to be affiliated with the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) was killed by security force personnel in Viransehir; the suspect was reportedly planning to detonate an explosive belt. Earlier on December 7-9, authorities announced the arrests of at least 25 suspected members of the extremist Islamic State (IS) group during counter-terrorism raids across Adana, Istanbul, and Kayseri provinces.
VANUATU
Through December 18, travelers in Vanuatu should continue to plan journeys accounting for disruption during the passage of Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasa. The weather system has strengthened into a Category 3 storm (thirdhighest on a five-point scale) is located east of Penama Province and is moving northeast. Severe weather warnings remain in effect for December 15-16 for heavy rainfall across Vanuatu and strong inland winds over central and southern islands. Heavy rainfall may trigger flash flooding and landslides, especially in low-lying areas and near riverbanks. Flight disruption is also possible, including at Port Vila’s Bauerfield International Airport (VLI).
On December 18, travelers in Luganville City should abide by official directives during a scheduled Tsunami Evacuation Drill. The activity will be held from 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM local time, during which a loud siren will sound. The focus area will be from the main market house to the second canal. The drill is part of “Luganville Tsunami Awareness Day” which runs from December 16 to 18 and includes a series of other educational activities to raise awareness of the risk of tsunamis. Travelers should follow all official directives and anticipate potential local disruption.
VIETNAM
Throughout December, travelers in central and southern provinces should plan journeys accounting for disruption in areas affected by heavy rains and flooding. Persistent heavy rains since November 28 have flooded several areas in Khanh Hoa province. Authorities in Nha Trang evacuated around 2,400 people from residential zones due to flooding in low-lying areas. Disruption to road and rail services was also reported in Nha Trang and adjoining regions. The Khanh Le Pass and Nha Trang Railway Station remain blocked due to flooding. There have been four confirmed deaths in the province’s Van Ninh district.
Under a bilateral agreement, business travelers from South Korea visiting for less than 14 days from January 1, 2021 can enter Vietnam without undertaking the mandatory 14-day quarantine. Such travelers must show proof that they have tested negative for COVID-19 in the last five days, will undergo further tests, and have their health status monitored throughout their stay.
WALLIS & FUTUNA
An outbreak of dengue fever has been declared on Futuna. Dengue is spread mainly by mosquito bites. It can cause a range of symptoms. Fever, headache, and a rash are common. Sometimes, dengue is severe and can have fatal complications. Infants, pregnant women, and those who have had dengue before are most likely to get severe infections. Travelers should prevent infection by avoiding mosquito bites.
EUROPE
Throughout December, travelers in Armenia and Azerbaijan should continue to monitor developments following the signing of a peace agreement related to the conflict in the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. The agreement was signed overnight on November 9-10 by Armenia’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev, and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin; however, a ceasefire violation was reported in Nagorno-Karabakh on December 11. Both sides have traded accusations of violating the ceasefire. Additionally, protests calling for the resignation of Pashinyan have been ongoing in Yerevan following the announcement of the peace agreement. Travelers should monitor developments and avoid any related gatherings.
ALBANIA
Travelers in Tirana in the coming days should anticipate and avoid protests linked to a fatal police shooting of a man on December 8. The man was allegedly shot after violating a curfew related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Protesters gathered on December 9 in front of the Ministry of Interior and the Government’s office, as well as at Skanderbeg Square, to demand the resignation of the Interior Minister. Police forcibly dispersed the crowds, resulting in injuries and arrests.
ARMENIA
Throughout December, travelers should continue to monitor developments and follow all official directives following an amendment of the current martial law. The government announced the easing of several restrictions beginning December 3 and until further notice, which includes lifting the ban on protests, removing a special regime around entering and exiting the country, and easing restrictions on local media publications. Martial law was imposed in the country on September 27 following an escalation in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, and remains in effect despite the announcement.
BELARUS
Non-essential travel to Belarus should be deferred due to COVID-19-related restrictions. To control the spread of the disease, the government has ordered the temporary closure of land borders to outbound travel beginning at 12:01 AM local time on December 21 until further notice. The measure applies to Belarusian citizens and foreigners in possession of permanent and temporary residence permits, with certain exceptions allowed. Entry and exit to the country via airports will remain unrestricted, with foreign visitors permitted to enter subject to inbound travel restrictions.
BELGIUM
Travelers in Belgium should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. An ongoing curfew in Brussels and Wallonia region between 10:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time has been extended until at least January 15. A curfew between 12:01 AM and 5:00 AM is currently in place for the rest of the country.
DENMARK
Travelers in Denmark should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. Authorities imposed new measures in Copenhagen and 37 other municipalities until at least January 3. Such measures will be extended to another 31 municipalities from 4:00 PM local time on December 11. These include the closure of schools, restaurants and entertainment venues. Travel between regions remains permitted.
FRANCE
Travelers on essential travel to France should continue to abide by measures related to current COVID-19-related lockdown. The restrictions will start to gradually ease from December 15 when movements nationwide will resume; however, a night-time curfew will be in place between 8:00 PM and 6:00 AM local time until further notice. The curfew will not impact domestic train journeys. A State of Health Emergency remains in place until at least February 16, 2021. All public gatherings are banned.
Travelers in France over the coming weeks should continue to anticipate and avoid further protests over controversial national security legislation, due to the risk of local unrest. The largest demonstrations are likely to be held on Saturdays, but sporadic gatherings will also take place on other days. Most such events cause limited disruption and pass off without major incident; however, precedents indicate that clashes between security forces and protesters, including hardline ultra-leftist elements, are more likely to occur in major urban centers, particularly Paris.
On December 17, travelers in Paris and the surrounding Ile-de-France region should plan journeys accounting for a transportation strike and associated disruption. Unions at public transportation operator RATP have called for a work stoppage in response to the potential privatization of the sector and its perceived impact on current employees’ working conditions. Disruption is likely to be significant considering the participation of UNSA, the largest union at RATP.
On December 18, travelers in urban centers should plan journeys bypassing rallies in support of migrants. In Paris, participants will gather at 6:00 PM local time at Opera. The rallies will coincide with International Migrants Day and call for measures such as the closure of detention centers. Related protests are scheduled to take place in cities across the country. The protests are likely to cause local traffic disruption, and there is a risk of local unrest due to a heightened security presence amid ongoing COVID-19 restrictions.
GERMANY
Beginning December 16, Germany will go into a nationwide lockdown lasting through January 10. Non-essential shops and non-takeaway eating joints are required to close. Private meetings cannot exceed more than five people from two households. Rules will be slightly relaxed on December 24-26 for Christmas, allowing for up to four additional family members from other households to meet indoors.
Through December 28, travelers in Saxony should abide by official directives following the imposition of new restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten out of 13 counties in the state so far have recorded more than 200 new infections per 100,000 inhabitants per week. In these counties, residents are only allowed to leave their accommodation for essential purposes.
GREECE
Through January 7, travelers in Greece should continue to abide by COVID-19-related restrictions. The nationwide lockdown has been extended through January 7. Non-essential businesses, including restaurants, bars and sports venues, will remain closed during this period. Non-essential movement between regions is prohibited. A curfew remains in place from 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM local time. Beginning December 18, international travelers arriving in the country will have to self-quarantine for ten days.
ITALY
On December 17, passengers transiting Italian airports should anticipate disruption and reconfirm their flights due to a planned aviation strike. The National Civil Aviation Authority has announced a walkout from 10:00 AM to 2:00 PM local time by executives affiliated with the National Union of State Managers. The action may result in flight cancellations and delays.
SPAIN
Travelers in Madrid and Barcelona should bypass planned protests in the coming hours to minimize inconvenience. Gatherings will also take place in Almeria, Cordoba, Grenada, Malaga and Seville among other urban centers. They have been organized by the ‘Red Alert’ movement to denounce current COVID-19 restrictions which severely affect the events and entertainment industry. The gatherings are likely to pass off peacefully, but travelers should expect local disruption.
UKRAINE
Through December 18, travelers in Kiev should anticipate and avoid further protests by business owners due to the risk of local disruption and unrest. During a well-attended rally on December 15, protesters marched from Verkhovna Rada to Independence Square via Khreschatyk Street and the Presidential office. Related clashes occurred between security forces and protesters after the latter allegedly threw gas canisters and tried to set up tents. Traffic on nearby streets was subsequently disrupted.
Travelers in Ukraine should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. On December 9, Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced the imposition of nationwide lockdown restrictions from January 8 to 24. Only grocery stores, pharmacies (including veterinary pharmacies), financial institutions, transport hubs, hotels, post offices, gas stations, and hair and beauty salons will be permitted to operate. Restrictions include a ban on mass gatherings. The nationwide adaptive quarantine has also been extended until February 28.
Travelers in Ukraine should continue to abide by official directives following the tightening of COVID-19-related restrictions. On December 9, Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced the imposition of nationwide lockdown restrictions from January 8 to 24. Only grocery stores, pharmacies (including veterinary pharmacies), financial institutions, transport hubs, hotels, post offices, gas stations, and hair and beauty salons will be permitted to operate. Restrictions include a ban on mass gatherings. The nationwide adaptive quarantine has also been extended until February 28.
UNITED KINGDOM
On December 17 and 18, passengers transiting London Heathrow Airport (LHR) should anticipate disruption and reconfirm flight schedules during a planned strike by airport employees. Ground staff will observe a 24-hour walkout on each strike day over proposed pay cuts. Airport authorities have announced that the airport will remain open and operational on strike days.
From December 24 through January 3, travelers planning rail travel to or from London should account for disruption at Kings Cross Station due to maintenance work. No trains will run via the station on December 25-30, though replacement bus services will be available. Services will also operate on reduced schedules on December 24, as well as December 31 through January 3.
Travelers in the UK should monitor developments and abide by all government guidelines related to the country’s withdrawal from the EU. Following the end of the transition period on December 31, new entry and exit restrictions will come into effect from January 1, 2021. These changes are expected to increase border-crossing delays due to stricter document-checking procedures and will impact the requirements of EU citizens relocating in the UK. Travelers in the EU should remain apprised of wider policy adjustments, including changes to mobile phone services and travel insurance policies, as well as access to the National Health Service (NHS).
